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This stub is a work-in-progress by the ScienceCorruption.com journalists's group. We are indexing the millions of documents stored at the San Francisco Uni's Legacy Tobacco Archive [1] With some entries you'll need to go to this site and type into the Search panel a (multi-digit) Bates number. You can search on names for other documents also. Send any corrections or additions to editor@sciencecorruption.com |
This is not a normal entry. It is a library of xxx (Doc Index) entries and templates used by the Corruption of Science group. Also possibly some Smoking-Gun documents and pdfs.
Contents
Doc Indexes
IAPAG/CEHHT (Doc Index) | TIRC/CTR (Doc Index) | ESEF (Doc Index)
(Doc Index) 2
Gio Gori (Doc Index) | Andrew Whist (Doc Index) | Paul G Dietrich (Doc Index) | George Carlo (Doc Index)
(Doc Index) 3
Sterling Family (Doc Index) | Auchter-Tozzi (Doc Index) | Maxwell Murray Bible (Doc Index)
(Doc Index) 4
Dioxins (Doc Index) Timeline | Wilhelm/Lux (Doc Index)
Template
SmokingGunDoc
| Smoking-Gun documents |
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The information in these Smoking-Gun documents has sometimes been refined, corrected and condensed in the interests of clarity. But you can cross-check our changes against the original at any time. We have made changes in order to:
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Smoking Gun Documents
Tobacco's Smoking Gun Documents
Index of Smoking Gun Tobacco Documents
1962 Apr 20 Wakeham Menthol (SGDoc 1962) Wakeham deals with expected problems in reducing TPM. Suggests menthol.
1982 James L Charles (SGDoc 1982) This document by Philip Morris Director of Research to his superior reveals the real state of knowledge about cigarettes and lung-cancer at this time.
1988 Feb 17 WhiteCoats (SGDoc 1988) Sharon Boyse, the Smoking Issues Manager at British American Tobacco records and distributes her note on a meeting set up by Philip Morris to explain to the British tobacco companies their plans for the WhiteCoats program.
1991 Mar TI Smoking Issues (SGDoc 1991) The monthly report of the Public smoking Issues division of the Tobacco Institute (Martha Rinker, Sharon Ransome, Kay Thomas) makes many admissions of their clandestine and corrupt scientific activities.
1998 GEP (SGDoc 1998) This document spells out the reason behind the creation of the Good Epidemiological Practices (GEP) which attempted to subvert standards for Epidemiology as a science, in order to make it difficult for the regulators to limit the sale and use of cigarettes.
Templates
ARIA/EGIL
| THE SHAM AIR-EXPERT ASSOCIATIONS | |
|---|---|
| The tobacco industry recruited academic and some general consulting scientists as ETS consultants. The only qualification needed was a willingness to work for the tobacco industry, and the ability to lie about qualifications and their independence.
After recruitment, they were trained in the basics so they had some semblance of expertise in the field of Indoor Air Quality (IAQ) measurements or Environmental Tobacco Smoke (ETS) health concerns and the consequences of smoking. They only needed enough to bamboozle politicians at inquiries, or avoid significant media scrutiny. These freshmen-'experts' needed to be given manufactured citations and other pseudo-scientific credentials. The most obvious technique was to list them as speaker of discussants at scientific conference on indoor air pollution, and ensure that this was published in the proceedings. This was easy to arrange because the tobacco industry conducted sham closed-conferences fairly regularly with of its own mercenary scientists -- and they always published the proceedings as if they were genuine scientific publications (often in more than one langage). At these conferences, the neophytes would be submerged with a group of like-minded mercenary academics and then installed inone of the industry's specialist pseudo-scientific associations. Membership of these (by-invitation-only) associations added to the WhiteCoats' standing in the scientific community, and the system allowed other well-paid members to 'peer-review' any research they might do for the industry. The organisations were well-funded and controlled through the lawyers Covington & Burling and were generally known by their initials: | |
| IAPAG CEHHT | Indoor Air Pollution Advisory Group set up within the Pharmacy Department of Georgetown University by Sorell Schwartz, Nancy Balter, and Philip Witorsch. IAPAG had a subsidiary (actually created earlier) called the CEHHT Center for Environmental Health and Human Toxicology (established 1982) provided literature collection services and providing testimony at legislative and regulatory hearings. It also acted as a laundry channel for payments and for specified research grants until 2000.[2] |
| ARIA | Associates for Research on Indoor Air. This was the main pseudo-association in the UK and Europe. It was founded by Professor Roger Perry (Imperial College) and a freelance consultant George B Leslie who ran it with the help of his wife. Professor Francis Roe was also a prominent member and Frank Lunau became its President.. Leslie and Perry became the major recruiters for the tobacco industry globally. |
| IAI | Indoor Air International was an offshoot of ARIA run by Lanau, Leslie and his wife. It established itself as the organiser or co-organiser of so-called scientific conferences on air pollution/indoor air quality (IAQ) and environmental tobacco smoke (ETS) around the world. It also had its own scientific journal. |
| ISBE | International Society of the Built Environment this is little more than a name-change from IAI - its successor. It was still an offshoot of ARIA run by George B Leslie and it organised so-called scientific conferences on IAQ and ETS.[3] In defending the Racketeering (RICO) Case the legal argument for the defense was that the ISBE had not been identified in the MSA, and therefore it could continue to operate. Unlike the CTR and Tobacco Institute it didn't need to be dissolved under the MSA agreement.[4] |
| EGIL | Swedish for "Experts on Indoor Air". This was created by Roger Perry and ARIA for the Scandinavian tobacco industry. George Leslie used this pseudo-scientific association when recruiting in Scandinavia. It was under the control of Tors Malfors (aka Sven Eric Torbjørn Malmfors) who was a professor in toxicology at the Karolinska Institute in Stockholm. EGIL eventually disbanded when members began to fight others over who had the rights to rip-off some clients. |
| EMIES | Eastern Mediterranean Indoor Environment Society run by Professor Aly Massoud of the Ain Sham University, Cairo |
| ARTIST | Asian Regional Tobacco Industry Science Team This was the later name given to APAIAQ-- and it broke up in 1992. Later it was revived as a different type of organisation with employed tobacco scientists. Some members were toxicologist consultants, paid by the industry in some way. |
| APAIAQ | Asian Pacific Association for Indoor Air Quality was the first academic Asian WhiteCoats association. It was run by EHS Consultancy's Sarah Liao and Philip Morris's Donald S Harris in Hong Kong, and later became ARTIST. It was initially called the Asian ETS Project run by John Rupp of C&B. |
| AAOH SCIA | The Standing Committee on Indoor Air was created by Malinee Wongphanich and Benito Reverente (both Asian WhiteCoats) who were successive presidents of the Asian Association for Occupational Health (AAOH). They used this Standing-Committee of AAOH to hide the payments for some Asian WhiteCoats. |
| APTRC | The Asia Pacific Tobacco Research Conference was put together in 2001, well after the Master Settlement Agreement. It was set up by the Swiss executives of Philip Morris (at FTR), using the company's Hong Kong branch: it ran a conference in Korea in 2002. |
SP4list1975
Court-declared list of scientists
Note: this is just a partial list of the scientists, academics and 'consultants' who were being paid via Special Project accounts. It deals only with the scientists known to the courts at the time it was compiled. Many other academics and professionals were paid via these accounts as revealed at later dates.
These are CTR Special Project grantees now known not to have been included in the above list: [8]
- SP#1 Kurt Enslein, Computers, Uni of Rochester NY
- SP#33 S H Friedall, Cancer Research Inst, New England Deaconness Hospital, Boston.
- SP#42 Doris L Herman, pathologist, Uni of Southern California, Los Angeles(worked with Lyman Brewer.
- SP#44 William H Alban, pathologist, Houston Dept of Public Heath/Baylor Uni (worked with Eleanor MacDonald
- SP#45/63 Douglas M Sprunt, pathologist, Golightly Found. + Uni of Tennessee, College of Medicine, Memphis
- SP#46, SP#24, SP#25, Marcus M Mason, research lab owner, Mason Research Institute, Worcester, Mass
- SP#48 William J Bair, animal inhalation exp., Battelle Memorial Inst, Richland, Washington
- SP#49 David M Kissen psychologist/psychosmatic, Uni of Glasgow, Scotland
- SP#52 Frederick J Stare, Nutrition Dept, Harvard Un (laundering payment for Carl C Seltzer
- SP#53 Travis W Winsor, Memorial Heart Res. Foundation, LA CA
- SP#54 A Clifford Barger, Prof.Emeritus, Harvard Medical School, Boston
- SP#55 Lars T Friberg Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden (Partner with Rune Cederlof)
- SP#57 Hans Selye, Institute of Exp. Med. and Surgery, Uni of Montreal, Canada
- SP#64 William L Dunn, Philip Morris executive.
- SP#66 Jerome Kleinerman, pathologist, St Lukes Hospital, Cleverland OH/Western Reserve Uni.
- SP#68 ]]H Hugh Fudenberg]], University of California, San Franciso. (Working with John V Wells
- SP#69 Claus B Bahnson, East PA Psychiatric Institute, Philadelphia
1989OctSWTmembers
1988 late-1989 The Tobacco Institute began assembling its Scientific Witness Team in late 1988-89. This was a travelling circus of corrupt scientific lobbyists who were paid to tour around America and speak on radio, appear on TV, give lectures and meet the press -- expressing opinions favoured by the tobacco industry.
These media tours were usually under the control of PR firm Fleishman Hillard and the 'expert' might be the lone speaker, or one in a pair or larger groups. Essentially the same group of lobbyists also made appearances at town hall meetings, state legislative hearings and local ordinance conferences. They were paid generously and given good expense accounts, feted by a young staffer at Fleishman Hillard, and treated to the best hotels. They were sometimes promoting their own businesses at the same time. The Tobacco Institute also had its own names for these groups, mainly based on the message they were expected to promote.
The Truth Squad: This group varied, but the core participants were:
- David A Weeks Boise, Idaho physician who ran medical lobby Per-Med Corporation.
- Jack E Peterson Industrial hygienist, Peterson Associates. Also worked for Dow Chemical.
- {To preserve the appearance of "Truth" the "Truth Squad" members were not to be accompanied by Tobacco Institute staff.]
Media Tours:
- Healthy Buildings International the HVAC/IAQ testing company owned by Gray Robertson had three staff members (including himself) who were paid to speak on media tours and appear as scientific witnesses.
- Gray Robertson ran the company and handled general media tours
- Peter Binnie was the partner to Roberson in the original company ACVA. He was included in the list (but no assignments)
- Jeff Seckler made Legislative appearances at hearings (He later became a whistleblower)
- Simon Turner made Legislative appearances (He was the son of UK's top tobacco lobbyist AD CliveTurner
- Holcomb Environmental Services owned and run by Larry Holcomb was second only to Gray Robertson's HBI as a tobacco-friendly IAQ testing company. They had two main members of the SWT as well as their normal IAQ testing operations
- Larry Holcomb made appearances also at Legislative Hearings.
- Joseph Pedelty who was Holcomb's chief of staff, also did Legislative work.
- Walter J Decker ran the Toxicology Consultancy Services, and did a range of different tours.
- Lawrence Halfen ran Envionmental Consultants Inc. and did Legislative Appearances.
- ENV Services (a subsidiary of Environmental Air Controls did surreptitious air quality testing when required. It was run by James Flannery. He also worked for the Business Council on Indoor Air (BCIA) -- run by Paul Cammer -- which also worked with the Tobacco Institute.
Social Cost Tours:
- These were run by the Cash-for-Comments Economists Network Their tours spread propaganda about the "Social Costs" of legislation restricting smoking in public place. They had a grand theory that the extra pressure of not-smoking cost a fortune in irritability of smokers, and general discontent.
- Robert Tollison, an economics professor at George Mason University ran the Cash-for-Comments Economists Network with organiser James Savarese.
- Richard E Wagner an economics professor from Florida State and later George Mason Uni, was the right-hand man of Tollison on the C-4-C Network.
- Dwight R Lee an economics professor from Georgia and Washington (St Louis) Uni was the left-hand man of Tollison in running the scam. He charged $1,200 a day in 1991.
- Economics Professor R Morris Coats was used for Legislative hearings. He was from Marshall and Nicholls State Universities.
Responsible Living Tours:
- Jolly Ann Davidson was an educationalist, and the President of the National Association of State Boards of Education (NASBE). She was paid to spread the idea that the tobacco industry was not trying to recruit young smokers, and her evidence was that they funded the NASBE's "Helping Youth Decide" project. This promoted the tobacco industry's was "Responsible Living Program" (with its own Foundation) -- a series of sermons made to be taught in the classroom, telling teenagers that they shouldn't smoke until they were mature. This was, to the rebellious youth, about as successful as telling them they shouldn't masturbate.
Workplace Seminars:
- Run mainly by lawyers John C Fox and Dennis Vaughn who specialised in labor relations. They worked through Pettit & Martin and Pilbury Madison & Sutro, and they ran a series of seminars to explain to the workshop and office managers why smoking restrictions were counter-production and an infringement of human rights.
Editorial Board Tours:
- These were done by Gray Robertson who had proved to be especially convincing with journalists, and also by Michael L Davis an economics professor from Southern Methodist Uni in Dallas, Texas.
US Chambers of Commerce:
- William Orzechowski was an Assistant Economics Professor from a number of universities. He held various other transient positions including working with the Chambers of Commerce and US Treasury, and he later joined the TI as an Economic Advisor. He was not a good speaker but his credentials made him worthwhile at Town meetings and Legislative appearances. [9]
TIConsultantsList1990
1989 Dec /E The Tobacco Institute has circulated this list of available 'consultants' who are willing to give testimony at ordinance hearings, or appear before State Assemblies to promote the tobacco industry's line. Essentially they will say that ETS (Environmental Tobacco Smoke) is not a significant pollutant of normal office IAQ (Indoor Air Quality) and so there are no substantial health effects. Also that any cub on smoking is a human rights issue.
The ETS consultants disputed the science behind passive-smoking and the potential adverse-health claims. The IAQ consultants had the job of shifting the blame for poor indoor air quality to a) outside pollution being drawn into an office, or b) photocopier chemical vapours (early models gave off fumes), or c) exudates from synthetic carpets, d) etc. etc...). They claimed that even if there was substantial second-hand smoke in the office atmosphere, it carries no significant level of harmful components anyway.
There were four basic categories of 'witnesses' with lists of names. Every one of them is a well known long-term tobacco industry friend and "smoke-health denier". The document boasts that the ...
Tobacco Institute consults with 37 ETS and IAQ scientists: 14 are members of university or medical school faculties; 23 are professional consultants; 11 are exclusively expert on IAQ.
Scientific disciplines include chemistry, toxicology, biochemistry, statistics, medicine, environmental science, biostatistics and industrial hygiene.
It the gives the breakdown of the consultant list as being:
- Academics:
- 14 academic scientists from institutions including the University of California; New York University Medical Center; Columbia University; University of South Carolina; University of Alabama; University of Maryland; Medical College of Virginia; Pace University; West Virginia University; Stillman College; New York Medical College; and George Washington University.
- ETS Consultants:
- George L. Carlo; Walter J Decker; Thomas Golojuch; Gio Gori; Larry Halfen; Larry Holcomb; Alan W. Katzenstein; Maurice E LeVois; Joe Pedelty; Jack E Peterson; Barry Seabrook and David Weeks.
- IAQ Consultants:
- Peter Binnie; Bill Butler; John W Drake; Jolanda Janczewski, D. Johnson; Gray Robertson; Jeff Seckler; Elia M Sterling; Nancy Stone; Simon Turner; and Jon Yereb.
The document also provides details such as "Length of relationship," "How we use them," and ... the "Kinds of things they do"
- Testify on federal, state and local smoking restriction and indoor air quality bills and regulations -- explaining complex scientific information in straightforward lay terms.
- Appear on television and radio talk shows -- often in debate formats -- in areas where smoking restriction activity is underway.
- Assist the industry in responding to media reports by preparing critiques of adverse research.
- Help reassure allies that they are on solid scientific ground
It then lists "What Have They Done lately", "Strengths", and "Limitations",
Another section deals with special consultants suited for discussions with corporate executives to persuade them not to implement smoking bans in offices and workplaces:
- John Fox and Dennis Vaughn, two contracted labor lawyers (Womble Carlyle).
- Lewis Solomon, Dean of the UCLA Graduate School of Education (who attacks workplace smoking problems associated with productivity and absenteeism).
- [Note: the full document has much more information. It is worth reading.) [10]
1990OctETSObjectors
1990 Oct 1 These scientists were on the tobacco industry's list of scientists who mounted objection to the DRAFT EPA ETS Risk Assessment
Health Effects of Passive Smoking: Assessment of Lung cancer in Adults and Respiratory Disorders in Children[11]
"Comments of Independent Scientists"
Domingo Aviado |
Robert C Brown |
Thomas J Bucci |
William J Butler |
Angelo Cerioli |
John W Clayton |
Anthony V Colucci |
Guy Crepat |
John W Daniel |
Salvatore R DiNardi |
John M Faccini |
Edward J Faeder |
George Feuer |
Joseph L Fleiss & Alan J Gross |
Arthur Furst |
Jean D Gibbons |
Howard D Goodfellow |
Gio Batta Gori |
John W Gorrod |
Alan J Gross |
Larry C Holcomb |
Ronald D Hood & Raphael J Witorsch |
Philip Witorsch |
Gary L Huber |
E Lee Husting |
Karl Jonas |
Alan W Katzenstein |
S James Kilpatrick, Jr. |
Peter N Lee |
George B Leslie |
Maurice E LeVois & Maxwell W Layard |
Torbjorn Malmfors |
Nathan Mantel |
Dennis Paustenbach |
joseph Pedelty |
Mark J Reasor & James A Will |
Francis JC Roe |
Ragnar Rylander |
Bertoldt Schneider |
Jarnail Singh |
Petr Skrabanek |
Anthony Springall |
Theodor Sterling |
Paul Switzer |
John A Todhunter |
Richard Tweedie |
Lawrence M Wexler |
Joseph M Wu
- [Every one in the above list was a mercenary in the employ of the tobacco industry.] [12]
1995MarPMContacts
1995 March Philip Morris is maintaining a quick-contact list of staff and executive lobbyists dealing with the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) - both domestic and International staff, and external contractors.
- Domestic staff - there are 57 names here. (incl. Tom Borelli, Murray Bring, Richard Carchman, Marc Firestone, Vic Han, Barry Holt, Denise Keane, David Laufer, Jack Lenzi, Steve Parrish, Joshua Slavitt, Charles Wall, Tina Walls, William Webb, Ellis Woodward )
- international staff - 7 in the USA (Wendy Burrell, Henry Goldberg, David Greenberg, Don Harris, 'Buffy' Linehan + Donna Staunton in Australia
- Washington Relations office: Jim Boland, Paul Carothers, David Nelson, David Nicoli, Bob Reese, Greg Scott, Tim Scully [13]
- Richmond - 7 overall (Cathy Ellis is one)
- FDA Consultants contacts (external)
- Arnolds & Porter -- Marti Cochran, Doug Dworkin, Peter Grossi, Sonia Fois, Even Hurwitz, Arthur Levine
- Burson-Marsteller -- Gary Auxier, Don Cunningham, Mark Bindrim, Jim Callan, Mike Fitzgerald, Tony Hughes, Winston Leavell, Megan Moore, Ray O'Rourke
- Other Consultants
- Charlie Black of Black Manifort Stone & Kelly
- Dave Bockorny of Burgner Bockorny Clowgh & Brain
- Linda Divall
- David Doak
- Donna Givens and Warren Rudman of Paul Weiss
- Peter Harris
- Howard Liebengood of Paul Goldstein Frasier & Murphy
- Bill Oldaker and Tom Ryan of Oldaker Ryan & Leonard
- David Remes of Covington & Burling
- Jim Stanton of Stanton and Associates
- Joe Stewart of Johnson Smith Dover Kitzmiller & Stewart
- Jim Tozzi of Multinational Business Services
- National Smokers Alliance -- Tom Humber
- RJ Reynolds
- Tobacco Institute -- Brennan Dawson
- Wachtel Lipton Rosen & Katz -- Jeff Boffa, Barbara Robbins
- Young & Rubicam -- Jane Brite [14]
- [Note this is nothing like a full list. It has no lawyers from Shook Hardy & Bacon, no Andrew Whist or top Corporate Affairs executives.]
1990OctETSGroup
1990 Oct 11 (The Tobacco Institute's ETS Group in Action)
The Interstate Commerce Commission (ICC) is holding hearings on the banning of smoking on interstate buses. These are the scientific submission funded by the Tobacco Institute using the ETS Group listings of Philip Morris.
"Critical comments were filed by:"
- Salvatore R. DiNardi, Ph.D., PHRA Incorporated;
- Joseph L. Fleiss, Ph.D., of Columbia University School of Public Health and Alan J. Gross, Ph.D., of Medical University of South Carolina;
- Howard Goodfellow, Ph.D., and Susan Eyre, MHSc., of Goodfellow Consultants, Inc.;
- Gio B Gori, Director, Health Policy Center;
- Alan J. Gross, Ph.D., Medical University of South Carolina;
- Larry C. Holcomb, Ph.D., Vice President, Holcomb Environmental Services;
- Ronald D. Hood, Ph.D., University of Alabama,
- Raphael J. Witorsch, Ph.D., Medical College of Virginia, and Philip Witorsch, M.D., George Washington Unversity Medical Center;
- Alan W. Katzenstein, Katzenstein Associates;
- S. James Kilpatrick, Medical College of Virginia;
- Peter N. Lee M.A., Director, P.N. Lee Statistics and Computing Ltd.;
- Maurice E. LeVois, Ph.D., Environmental Health Resources, and Maxwell W. Layard, Ph.D., Layard Associates;
- Ted A. Loomis, M.D., Ph.D., Drill, Freiss, Hays, Loomis & Shaffer, Inc.;
- Joe Pedelty, M.Sc, Holcomb Environmental Services;
- Mark J. Reasor, Ph.D., West Virginia University and James A. Will, D.V.M., Ph.D.;
- Jarnail Singh, Ph.D., Stillman College;
- Paul Switzer, Ph.D., Stanford University;
- John A. Todhunter, Ph.D., FAIC, DABT, Science Regulatory Services International;
- David A. Weeks, M.D.;
- Lawrence M. Wexler, Ph.D., New York Medical College;
- Joseph M. Wu, Ph.D., New York Medical College.
- [Every one of the above was a life-long tobacco shill.] [15]
1994DecWaxmanHBI
| Subcommittee on Health and the Environment - Majority Staff Report: Dec. 20 1994 |
|---|
| ENVIRONMENTAL TOBACCO SMOKE INVESTIGATION |
| Healthy Buildings International (HBI) began its relationship with the tobacco industry in 1985. At that time, the company was a small and obscure indoor air firm. In addition to the president and vice president, it had only two technical employees and operated under the name ACVA Atlantic. Over the next nine years, however, HBI grew to be an international presence in the indoor air field. This was due in large measure to the patronage of the tobacco industry. During this period, the Tobacco Institute, Philip Morris, R.J. Reynolds Tobacco, and the Center for Indoor Air Research (a tobacco-industry research organization) paid HBI millions of dollars for its services. The tobacco industry went to great lengths to promote HBI. The Tobacco Institute paid the expenses of a public relations firm, Fleishman-Hillard, to arrange media tours for HBI throughout the United States. From September 1990 to November 1992, Philip Morris covered all the expenses of, and paid HBI a substantial fee for, the publication of a magazine entitled "Healthy Buildings International Magazine." The magazine, which included glossy color photographs, was published in eight languages (English, French, German, Spanish, Italian, Swedish, Dutch, and Finnish) and disseminated worldwide. A report circulated within HBI in late 1991 or 1992 describes "the HBI concept" that the tobacco industry paid so much to promote. According to this document, "the key objective of the HBI concept is to broaden the debate on indoor air quality to deflect the ETS challenge." The document states that "HBI is now positioned as an authority on IAQ issues" [and has] "brought balance to the IAQ [indoor air quality] debate" [by promoting] "acceptance that ETS is in fact a minor contributor." HBI performed at least two vital services for the tobacco industry. First, it conducted scientific research for the industry that purported to show that ETS is not a significant source of indoor air pollution. The most significant of these research studies was done in 1989, when HBI was paid over $200,000 by the tobacco industry's Center for Indoor Air Research (CIAR) to study ETS levels in 585 office environments. The results of this study were summarized in a final report to CIAR in January 1990 presented to EPA in public comments in September 1990, and formally published in 1992. In addition to conducting research for the tobacco industry, HBI regularly testified for the industry in opposition to federal, state, and local restrictions on smoking. Over most of the last decade, HBI was the tobacco industry's principal defender on ETS matters. According to the records of the Tobacco Institute, HBI testified 129 times for the Tobacco Institute from August 1985 through September 1994 -- an average of more than once per month. In some months, HBI testified as many as six times. HBI's appearances for the Tobacco Institute included testimony before Congress (including this Subcommittee on June 27, 1986, and March 17, 1994), before state legislatures, and before local governments. [16] |
Side Panels
RiskOrgs
| RISK SCIENCE ENTRIES |
|---|
| Risk Science, Analysis & Management |
| Risk Assessment History/tobacco |
| Risk Assessment & Management Commission |
| Task Force on Regulatory Relief (WhiteHouse) |
| Delaney Clause (Food, Drug Act) |
| RISK ORGANISATIONS |
| ILSI Risk Science Institute |
| Society for Risk Analysis |
| Harvard Center for Risk Analysis (HCRA) |
| Harvard Group on Risk Management Reform (HGRMR) |
| Resources for the Future |
| Coalition for Uniform Risk Estimation (CURE) |
| Institute for Regulatory Policy (IRP) |
WCOrgs
| WhiteCoats Orgs. |
|---|
| IAPAG (Nth America) ARIA (UK & Europe) IAI, IAIAQ & ISBE EGIL (Scandanavia) EMIES (E Med/N.Africa) ARTIST (S.E. Asia) AAOH SCIA (Asia) APTRC (East Asia) APAIAQ (Asia-Pacific) |
