Difference between revisions of "International Futures Forum"

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The International Futures Forum is a think tank cum PR agency funded by big business and with links to the [[Futures Forum]] of the Scottish Parliament and to the California based [[Global Business Network]] with which they have several members in common.
 
The International Futures Forum is a think tank cum PR agency funded by big business and with links to the [[Futures Forum]] of the Scottish Parliament and to the California based [[Global Business Network]] with which they have several members in common.
 +
 +
*[[Graham Leicester]], Director
  
 
== Pro-Nuclear ==
 
== Pro-Nuclear ==
Line 7: Line 9:
  
 
==History==
 
==History==
−
:We were established in early 2001 with a generous grant from [[BP]] to explore how to take more effective action in the face of the complex looming issues that threaten our future.
 
−
 
−
:We work in areas where there are no easy answers, where existing models fail to make sense of our confusing reality, where we are in over our heads, where we face an unacknowledged 'conceptual emergency'.
 
  
−
:We have developed a body of theory, practice and wide experience in taking on seemingly intractable challenges and developing the capacities in individuals, teams, organisations and communities to flourish in today's powerful times.'
+
On its website IFF states that "We were established in early 2001 with a generous grant from [[BP]] to explore how to take more effective action in the face of the complex looming issues that threaten our future. We work in areas where there are no easy answers, where existing models fail to make sense of our confusing reality, where we are in over our heads, where we face an unacknowledged 'conceptual emergency'. We have developed a body of theory, practice and wide experience in taking on seemingly intractable challenges and developing the capacities in individuals, teams, organisations and communities to flourish in today's powerful times."<ref>[http://www.internationalfuturesforum.com/home.php IFF], International Futures Forum, accessed April 2008.</ref>
  
−
But, although [[BP]] provided the money, it was the [[Scottish Council Foundation]] which established The International Futures Forum (IFF) in 2001 "to bring international thinking to bear on our work".<ref name="Scottish Foundation">[http://web.archive.org/web/20060502015049/http://www.scottishcouncilfoundation.org/about.php "About Us"], Scottish Council Foundation, Accessed May 2, 2006.</ref>, i.e. to promote policy ideas derived from policy transfer. Today, the IFF is independent of the SCF and it seems as if it has not proven particularly valuable to the SCF's rather pragmatic approach to public policy. The IFF, which tries to bring together so-called "deep thinkers" in order to "examine[s] deep structures in the modern global system in its search for a second enlightenment", has rather obscure aims and purposes.
+
But, although [[BP]] provided the money, it was the [[Scottish Council Foundation]] which established The International Futures Forum (IFF) in 2001 "to bring international thinking to bear on our work".<ref name="Scottish Foundation">[http://web.archive.org/web/20060502015049/http://www.scottishcouncilfoundation.org/about.php "About Us"], Scottish Council Foundation, Accessed May 2, 2006.</ref>, i.e. to promote policy ideas derived from policy transfer. Today, the IFF is independent of the SCF and it seems as if it has not proven particularly valuable to the SCF's rather pragmatic approach to public policy. The IFF, which tries to bring together so-called "deep thinkers" in order to "examine[s] deep structures in the modern global system in its search for a second enlightenment", has rather obscure aims and purposes.
  
 
==Funding==
 
==Funding==
−
According to the IFF [http://www.internationalfuturesforum.co.uk/partners.php website]:
+
On its website IFF states that "We now enjoy a variety of productive and mutually beneficial relationships with sponsors, clients, subscribers, research funders and others".<ref name="Partners">International Futures Forum, [http://www.internationalfuturesforum.co.uk/partners.php "Partners"], accessed April 2008.</ref>
−
'We now enjoy a variety of productive and mutually beneficial relationships with sponsors, clients, subscribers, research funders and others.
 
 
   
 
   
 
We are grateful to the following organisations for their core support
 
We are grateful to the following organisations for their core support
 
* [[BP]]
 
* [[BP]]
 
* [[BT]]
 
* [[BT]]
 +
* [[Shell]]
  
 
These are some of the organisations we have worked with:
 
These are some of the organisations we have worked with:
Line 45: Line 44:
 
We have enjoyed research funding from:
 
We have enjoyed research funding from:
 
* [[Scottish Enterprise]] Glasgow
 
* [[Scottish Enterprise]] Glasgow
−
* [[Society for Organisational Learning]] (Scotland)'
+
* [[Society for Organisational Learning]] (Scotland)<ref name="Partners"/>
 +
 
 +
==Steering Group==
 +
Accessed February 2012: <ref>International Futures Forum [http://www.internationalfuturesforum.com/governance Steering Group], organizational web page, accessed February 6, 2012.</ref>
 +
 
 +
*[[Roanne Dods]], IFF Producer
 +
*[[John Elvidge]], IFF Trustee and former Permanent Secretary, Scottish Government
 +
*[[Pat Heneghan]], Director, ForthRoad Limited
 +
*[[Tony Hodgson]], Director, Decision Integrity Limited
 +
*[[Peter Lederer]], Chair of Trustees, Chairman Gleneagles Hotel Ltd
 +
*[[Graham Leicester]], Director, IFF, formerly HM Diplomatic Service
 +
*[[Andrew Lyon]], Converger, IFF, formerly Deputy Director, Forward Scotland
 +
*[[Maureen O'Hara]], Director, IFF US and Professor of Psychology, National University, La Jolla, California.
 +
*[[Wolfgang Michalski]], Director, WM International, formerly Chief Advisor to the Secretary-General of the OECD
 +
*[[Bill Sharpe, Director]], The Appliance Studio
 +
*[[Jennifer Williams]], IFF Trustee and former Director, Centre for Creative Communities
 +
 
 +
==IFF Clan <ref>International Futures Forum [http://www.internationalfuturesforum.com/iff-clan IFF Clan], organizational web page, accessed February 6, 2012.</ref>==
 +
 
 +
(Note: * denotes Founding Fellow)
 +
[[Martin Albrow]]*, [[Ruth Anderson]]*, [[Tony Beesley]]*, [[Max Boisot]]*, [[Roberto Carneiro]]*, [[Napier Collyns]]*, [[Thomas Corver]], [[Pamela Deans]]*, [[Roanne Dods]], [[Kate Ettinger]], [[Jim Ewing]], [[Brian Goodwin]]*, [[Bo Gyllenpalm]], [[Mike Hambly]]*, [[Phil Hanlon]], [[Margaret Hannah ]], [[Pat Heneghan]]*, [[David Hodgson]], [[Rebecca Hodgson]]*, [[Tony Hodgson]]*, [[Robert Horn]], [[Kees van der Heijden]]*, [[Adam Kahane]], [[Pat Kane]]*, [[Eamonn Kelly]]*, [[Rajiv Kumar]], [[Graham Leicester]] *, [[David Lorimer]]*, [[Charles Lowe]]*, [[Wendy Luhabe]]*, [[Andrew Lyon]]*, [[Harry MacMillan]]*, [[James McCormick]], [[Arun Maira]]*, [[Wolfgang Michalski ]]*, [[Maureen O’Hara]]*, [[Aftab Omer]], [[Ian Page]]*, [[David Peat (Canada)]], [[Maria Pereira]], [[Noah Raford]], [[Nick Rengger]]*, [[Vineeta Shanker]], [[Bill Sharpe]], [[Daniel Wahl ]], [[Jennifer Williams]], [[Mark Woodhouse]]*, [[Chris Yapp ]]
  
 
==Activities==
 
==Activities==
  
−
As Hartwig Pautz has written:
+
As Hartwig Pautz, a PhD student at Glasgow Caledonian University, wrote in a paper on think tanks in Scotland <ref>[http://www.psa.ac.uk/journals/pdf/5/2005/Pautz.pdf "Think-Tanks in Scotland"], Paper presented to 55th Political Studies Association Annual Conference, 4-7 April 2005.</ref>:
 +
 
 +
:With support from BP it "explore[s] new ways of operating effectively and responsibly in a world of boundless complexity, a world we no longer fully understand and cannot control"[http://www.internationalfuturesforum.co.uk/index.php] (Accessed 17
 +
February 2005). This world is seen as a challenge for business, government and society and confronts them with the task of "restor[ing] the capacity to act effectively and responsibly and thereby revive and foster a culture of human aspiration's. Based on this view of today's world, the IFF seeks to create a new 'paradigm' by renouncing 'traditional' ways of making sense of the world.
  
−
:With support from BP it â??explore[s] new ways of operating effectively and responsibly in a world of boundless complexity, a world we no longer fully understand and cannot controlâ??[http://www.internationalfuturesforum.co.uk/index.php] (Accessed 17
+
:How does the IFF view its role in the spread of the Second Enlightenment? A diagram in one its first reports shows a "dialogue" between a variety of actors<ref name="Prospectus">[http://www.internationalfuturesforum.co.uk/reports/IFF1_prospectus.pdf Project Prospectus: December 2000"], accessed April 2008.</ref>. "Core dialogue thinkers" disseminate knowledge, specialist information and support to a "tier of converters", who "convert the insights from the dialogue into practical form and who disseminate it to a wider audience". This group is composed of a broad variety of organisations and actors, such as the Department for Trade and Industry (DTI), business corporations, artists and writers, the BBC, unspecified "social entrepreneurs", policy makers, the OECD and also [[BP]].  
−
February 2005). This world is seen as a challenge for business, government and society and confronts them with the task of â??restor[ing] the capacity to act effectively and responsibly and thereby revive and foster a culture of human aspirationâ??. Based on this view of todayâ??s world, the IFF seeks to create a new â??paradigmâ?? by renouncing â??traditionalâ?? ways of making sense of the world.  
 
  
−
:How does the IFF view its role in the spread of the Second Enlightenment? A diagram in one its first reports shows a "dialogue" between a variety of actors ([http://www.internationalfuturesforum.co.uk/reports/IFF1_prospectus.pdf] Accessed 17 February 2005). â??Core dialogue thinkersâ?? disseminate knowledge, specialist information and support to a â??tier of convertersâ??, who â??convert the insights from the dialogue into practical form and who disseminate it to a wider audienceâ??. This group is composed of a broad variety of organisations and actors, such as the Department for Trade and Industry (DTI), business corporations, artists and writers, the BBC, unspecified â??social entrepreneursâ??, policy makers, the OECD and also [[BP]].  
+
:Finally, a further group of agents, who will "make things happen on the ground", should use the information provided through the dialogue. In spite of the emphasis on "dialogue", the IFF appears to see its role almost in a Hayekian tradition of "original thinkers" who inform policy entrepreneurs or "second hand dealers in ideas"([[Friedrich A.Hayek]]; [[Edwin J.Feulner]] and [[John Blundell]]. The Intellectuals and Socialism. London : [[Institute of Economic Affairs]], 1998) with their theoretical and rather abstract knowledge so that they can utilise it to influence the wider society, including policy-makers. And, in fact, the IFF makes "no apology for taking seriously Margaret Mead's conviction that a small group of individuals can change the world"<ref name="Prospectus">. This small group convening for the IFF's first meeting in April 2001 included among others former Director of the OECD International Futures Programme and â "futurist" [[Wolfgang Michalski]]; [[Kees van der Heijden]] (director of the scenario and strategy consultancy [[Global Business Network]], Emeritus Professor of General and Strategic Management at Strathclyde University, former head of the Business Environment Division in Group Planning at Royal Dutch/[[Shell]], London), Arun Mairo from [[Boston Consulting Group]] India, Biologist [[Brian Goodwin]], [[Pat Kane]] from the Sunday Herald, and [[Mark Woodhouse]], a philosopher interested in "scientific, spiritual, and healing communities".<ref>[http://www.markwoodhouse.com/01_index.html "Life-Sketch"], accessed April 2008.</ref>.
  
−
:Finally, a further group of agents, who will â??make things happen on the groundâ??, should use the information provided through the dialogue. In spite of the emphasis on â??dialogueâ??, the IFF appears to see its role almost in a Hayekian tradition of â??original thinkersâ?? who inform policy entrepreneurs or â??second hand dealers in ideasâ??([[Friedrich A.Hayek]]; [[Edwin J.Feulner]] and [[John Blundell]]. The Intellectuals and Socialism. London : [[Institute of Economic Affairs]], 1998) with their theoretical and rather abstract knowledge so that they can utilise it to influence the wider society, including policy-makers. And, in fact, the IFF makes â??no apology for taking seriously Margaret Meadâ??s conviction that a small group of individuals can change the worldâ??('Project Prospectus' December 2000, p. 5. [http://www.internationalfuturesforum.co.uk/reports/IFF1_prospectus.pdf] (Accessed 2 March 2005). This small group convening for the IFFâ??s first meeting in April 2001 included among others former Director of the OECD International Futures Programme and â??futuristâ?? [[Wolfgang Michalski]]; [[Kees van der Heijden]] (director of the scenario and strategy consultancy [[Global Business Network]], Emeritus Professor of General and Strategic Management at Strathclyde University, former head of the Business Environment Division in Group Planning at Royal Dutch/[[Shell]], London), Arun Mairo from [[Boston Consulting Group]] India, Biologist [[Brian Goodwin]], [[Pat Kane]] from the Sunday Herald, and [[Mark Woodhouse]], a philosopher interested in â??scientific, spiritual, and healing communitiesâ??[http://www.markwoodhouse.com/01_index.html].
+
:Rather than being a permanent think-tank, the IFF is an attempt to facilitate an international network of thinkers, businesspeople and policy makers. During a case study trip to BP's Grangemouth refinery "the IFF group also conducted case studies on the 'learning society in Dundee'"<ref> [http://www.internationalfuturesforum.co.uk/reports/case_encounter_dundee.pdf "IFF Learning in Dundee. A Second Enlightenment View"], undated, accessed April 2008.</ref> and on health provision for "deprived individuals and communities in Fife"<ref name="Health in Fife"> [http://www.internationalfuturesforum.co.uk/reports/case_encounter_fife.pdf Health in Fife: a second enlightenment view"], accessed April 2008.</ref> the IFF came up with a "vision" for the future of BP and Falkirk/Grangemouth.
  
−
:Rather than being a permanent think-tank, the IFF is an attempt to facilitate an international network of thinkers, businesspeople and policy makers. During a case study trip to BPâ??s Grangemouth refinery â?? the IFF group also conducted case studies on the â??learning society in Dundeeâ?? ('IFF Learning in Dundee. A Second Enlightenment View' [http://www.internationalfuturesforum.co.uk/reports/case_encounter_dundee.pdf] Accessed 4 March 2005) and on health provision for â??deprived individuals and communities in Fifeâ?? (IFF Entreprise in Falkirk [http://www.internationalfuturesforum.co.uk/reports/case_encounter_fife.pdf] Accessed 4 March 2005) â?? the IFF came up with a "vision" for the future of BP and Falkirk/Grangemouth.
+
When BP asked the IFF how it could combine the challenge of adjusting the plant to global competition bearing on mind the responsibility of BP to all local stakeholders<ref name="Falkirk">[http://www.internationalfuturesforum.co.uk/reports/case_encounter_falkirk.pdf "IFF Enterprise in Falkirk"], p. 2, accessed April 2008.</ref>, the IFF responded by proposing to understand the downsizing of the plant, which culminated in the lay off of about 1000 employees, as a creative act. As BP is a "different kind of energy company, radiating energy of all kinds intellectual, physical, creative into the community", the sacking of workers equals "releasing high quality resources into the community"<ref name="Falkirk"/> This rather interesting take on unemployment and economic restructuring is part of the IFF's attempt to create new management and organisational approaches. It wants to act as a kind of "spiritual management consultancy" - although behind the airy language of challenges and creativity we find statements with stark consequences if put into practice: for example, the IFF's stance on the NHS generated 'entitlement culture' which should be transformed into a more creative 'gift culture', would lead to significant changes in the allocation of resources, as gift cultures rely on their reciprocity rather than on solidarity and social contracts.<ref name="Health in Fife"/>
−
When BP asked the IFF how it could combine the challenge of adjusting the plant to global competition bearing on mind the responsibility of BP to all local stakeholders ('Health in Fife' [http://www.internationalfuturesforum.co.uk/reports/case_encounter_falkirk.pdf], p. 2 Accessed 4 March 2005). The IFF responded by proposing to understand the downsizing of the plant, which culminated in the lay off of about 1000 employees, as a creative act. As BP is a â??different kind of energy company, radiating energy of all kinds â?? intellectual, physical, creative â?? into the communityâ??, the sacking of workers equals â??releasing high quality resources into the communityâ?? ('Health in Fife' [http://www.internationalfuturesforum.co.uk/reports/case_encounter_falkirk.pdf], p. 3 Accessed 4 March 2005). This rather interesting take on unemployment and economic restructuring is part of the IFFâ??s attempt to create new management and organisational approaches. It wants to act as a kind of "spiritual management consultancy" â?? although behind the airy language of challenges and creativity we find statements with stark consequences if put into practice: for example, the IFFâ??s stance on the NHS generated â??entitlement cultureâ?? which should be transformed into a more creative â??gift cultureâ??, would lead to significant changes in the allocation of resources, as gift cultures rely on their reciprocity rather than on solidarity and social contracts [http://www.internationalfuturesforum.co.uk/reports/case_encounter_fife.pdf](p, 19,Accessed 4 March 2005). (Source: [http://www.psa.ac.uk/2005/pps/Pautz.pdf www.psa.ac.uk/2005/pps/Pautz.pdf])
 
  
 
==Contact==
 
==Contact==
Line 79: Line 99:
 
* Hartwig Pautz, "[http://www.psa.ac.uk/2005/pps/Pautz.pdf Think-Tanks in Scotland]", Paper for the 55th Political Studies Association Annual conference, University of Leeds, 4-7 April 2005.
 
* Hartwig Pautz, "[http://www.psa.ac.uk/2005/pps/Pautz.pdf Think-Tanks in Scotland]", Paper for the 55th Political Studies Association Annual conference, University of Leeds, 4-7 April 2005.
  
−
[[Category: Think tanks]][[Category:United Kingdom]][[Category:Nuclear Power]]
+
[[Category: Think tanks]][[Category:United Kingdom]][[Category:Nuclear power]][[Category:Green Capitalism]]

Latest revision as of 15:27, 22 June 2017

The International Futures Forum is a think tank cum PR agency funded by big business and with links to the Futures Forum of the Scottish Parliament and to the California based Global Business Network with which they have several members in common.

Pro-Nuclear

In 2004/05, IFF / Praxis was paid £32,000 by Nirex "to provide corporate communications advice in relation to the Managing Radioactive Waste Safely (MRWS) consultation programme".[1] As part of its "programme of support" for Nirex, IFF has produced a "present and future strategy mural" for "thinking through the intractable issues of waste management over long timescales".

History

On its website IFF states that "We were established in early 2001 with a generous grant from BP to explore how to take more effective action in the face of the complex looming issues that threaten our future. We work in areas where there are no easy answers, where existing models fail to make sense of our confusing reality, where we are in over our heads, where we face an unacknowledged 'conceptual emergency'. We have developed a body of theory, practice and wide experience in taking on seemingly intractable challenges and developing the capacities in individuals, teams, organisations and communities to flourish in today's powerful times."[2]

But, although BP provided the money, it was the Scottish Council Foundation which established The International Futures Forum (IFF) in 2001 "to bring international thinking to bear on our work".[3], i.e. to promote policy ideas derived from policy transfer. Today, the IFF is independent of the SCF and it seems as if it has not proven particularly valuable to the SCF's rather pragmatic approach to public policy. The IFF, which tries to bring together so-called "deep thinkers" in order to "examine[s] deep structures in the modern global system in its search for a second enlightenment", has rather obscure aims and purposes.

Funding

On its website IFF states that "We now enjoy a variety of productive and mutually beneficial relationships with sponsors, clients, subscribers, research funders and others".[4]

We are grateful to the following organisations for their core support

These are some of the organisations we have worked with:

Our subscribers include:

We have enjoyed research funding from:

Steering Group

Accessed February 2012: [5]

IFF Clan [6]

(Note: * denotes Founding Fellow) Martin Albrow*, Ruth Anderson*, Tony Beesley*, Max Boisot*, Roberto Carneiro*, Napier Collyns*, Thomas Corver, Pamela Deans*, Roanne Dods, Kate Ettinger, Jim Ewing, Brian Goodwin*, Bo Gyllenpalm, Mike Hambly*, Phil Hanlon, Margaret Hannah , Pat Heneghan*, David Hodgson, Rebecca Hodgson*, Tony Hodgson*, Robert Horn, Kees van der Heijden*, Adam Kahane, Pat Kane*, Eamonn Kelly*, Rajiv Kumar, Graham Leicester *, David Lorimer*, Charles Lowe*, Wendy Luhabe*, Andrew Lyon*, Harry MacMillan*, James McCormick, Arun Maira*, Wolfgang Michalski *, Maureen O’Hara*, Aftab Omer, Ian Page*, David Peat (Canada), Maria Pereira, Noah Raford, Nick Rengger*, Vineeta Shanker, Bill Sharpe, Daniel Wahl , Jennifer Williams, Mark Woodhouse*, Chris Yapp

Activities

As Hartwig Pautz, a PhD student at Glasgow Caledonian University, wrote in a paper on think tanks in Scotland [7]:

With support from BP it "explore[s] new ways of operating effectively and responsibly in a world of boundless complexity, a world we no longer fully understand and cannot control"[1] (Accessed 17

February 2005). This world is seen as a challenge for business, government and society and confronts them with the task of "restor[ing] the capacity to act effectively and responsibly and thereby revive and foster a culture of human aspiration's. Based on this view of today's world, the IFF seeks to create a new 'paradigm' by renouncing 'traditional' ways of making sense of the world.

How does the IFF view its role in the spread of the Second Enlightenment? A diagram in one its first reports shows a "dialogue" between a variety of actors[8]. "Core dialogue thinkers" disseminate knowledge, specialist information and support to a "tier of converters", who "convert the insights from the dialogue into practical form and who disseminate it to a wider audience". This group is composed of a broad variety of organisations and actors, such as the Department for Trade and Industry (DTI), business corporations, artists and writers, the BBC, unspecified "social entrepreneurs", policy makers, the OECD and also BP.
Finally, a further group of agents, who will "make things happen on the ground", should use the information provided through the dialogue. In spite of the emphasis on "dialogue", the IFF appears to see its role almost in a Hayekian tradition of "original thinkers" who inform policy entrepreneurs or "second hand dealers in ideas"(Friedrich A.Hayek; Edwin J.Feulner and John Blundell. The Intellectuals and Socialism. London : Institute of Economic Affairs, 1998) with their theoretical and rather abstract knowledge so that they can utilise it to influence the wider society, including policy-makers. And, in fact, the IFF makes "no apology for taking seriously Margaret Mead's conviction that a small group of individuals can change the world"Cite error: Closing </ref> missing for <ref> tag.
Rather than being a permanent think-tank, the IFF is an attempt to facilitate an international network of thinkers, businesspeople and policy makers. During a case study trip to BP's Grangemouth refinery "the IFF group also conducted case studies on the 'learning society in Dundee'"[9] and on health provision for "deprived individuals and communities in Fife"[10] the IFF came up with a "vision" for the future of BP and Falkirk/Grangemouth.

When BP asked the IFF how it could combine the challenge of adjusting the plant to global competition bearing on mind the responsibility of BP to all local stakeholders[11], the IFF responded by proposing to understand the downsizing of the plant, which culminated in the lay off of about 1000 employees, as a creative act. As BP is a "different kind of energy company, radiating energy of all kinds intellectual, physical, creative into the community", the sacking of workers equals "releasing high quality resources into the community"[11] This rather interesting take on unemployment and economic restructuring is part of the IFF's attempt to create new management and organisational approaches. It wants to act as a kind of "spiritual management consultancy" - although behind the airy language of challenges and creativity we find statements with stark consequences if put into practice: for example, the IFF's stance on the NHS generated 'entitlement culture' which should be transformed into a more creative 'gift culture', would lead to significant changes in the allocation of resources, as gift cultures rely on their reciprocity rather than on solidarity and social contracts.[10]

Contact

International Futures Forum
PO Box 29207
St Andrews Fife KY16 8YU UK
Phone: +44 1334470090
Email: editorial AT internationalfuturesforum.com
Website: http://www.internationalfuturesforum.co.uk/

Articles and Resources

Sources

  1. ↑ David Wild, Freedom of Information Request, Letter to Jean McSorley, Senior Advisor to Greenpeace UK, July 15, 2005.
  2. ↑ IFF, International Futures Forum, accessed April 2008.
  3. ↑ "About Us", Scottish Council Foundation, Accessed May 2, 2006.
  4. ↑ Jump up to: 4.0 4.1 International Futures Forum, "Partners", accessed April 2008.
  5. ↑ International Futures Forum Steering Group, organizational web page, accessed February 6, 2012.
  6. ↑ International Futures Forum IFF Clan, organizational web page, accessed February 6, 2012.
  7. ↑ "Think-Tanks in Scotland", Paper presented to 55th Political Studies Association Annual Conference, 4-7 April 2005.
  8. ↑ Project Prospectus: December 2000", accessed April 2008.
  9. ↑ "IFF Learning in Dundee. A Second Enlightenment View", undated, accessed April 2008.
  10. ↑ Jump up to: 10.0 10.1 Health in Fife: a second enlightenment view", accessed April 2008.
  11. ↑ Jump up to: 11.0 11.1 "IFF Enterprise in Falkirk", p. 2, accessed April 2008.

Related SourceWatch Articles

External links

  • Hartwig Pautz, "Think-Tanks in Scotland", Paper for the 55th Political Studies Association Annual conference, University of Leeds, 4-7 April 2005.
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