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"''Despite Monsanto's parade of expert witnesses, the jury expressed its opinion of Monsanto's honesty and integrity by the unusual award of more than sixteen million dollars in punitive damages''." However, the "''Plaintiffs lost on appeal on the technical legal ground that a punitive award could not be made in the absence of actual damages regardless of the facts in the case''".
Several years later, Cate Jenkins, a PhD chemist at EPA, became convinced that Monsanto had deliberately manipulated studies showing that dioxin was a human carcinogen [http://www.mindfully.org/Pesticide/Monsanto-Coverup-Dioxin-USEPA15nov90.htm][http://www.virtual.vietnam.ttu.edu/cgi-bin/starfetch.exe?0J6OXclnn0r8umFQKMXtyxiSlfbPu9zWWCqd@9It5uCIqgZGdIEavwLdhGO8bGklbkpV9@kynKL4ML5MMbRJmrvVl1ifnHZzCyJysHeMrN0/6160112003.pdf]. Greenpeace also "issued a detailed 44 page critique of the Monsanto studies by Joe Thornton entitled 'Science for Sale'" [http://www.combat-monsanto.org/docs/doc%20scan/Dioxine/la%20science%20corrompue,%20fraude%20sur%20toxicite%20TCDD/greenpeace%20report%20dioxin%20sciences%20for%20sale,%20nov%201990.PDF] (1). Whether this was a case of fraud or not, it wouldn't be unusual for Monsanto [httphttps://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Monsanto_and_the_Roundup_Ready_Controversy#Fraud_in_Testing]
"''On February 23, 1990, Jenkins sent a memorandum to the EPA Science Advisory Board entitled 'Newly Revealed Fraud by Monsanto in an Epidemiological Study Used by EPA to Assess Human Health Effects from Dioxins', attaching a copy of part of the Kemner Plaintiffs-Appellees' brief dealing with the Monsanto studies. She requested that the Board or the EPA Office of Research and Development, audit the records of these studies to see if they were flawed''". Ironically, rather than investigate the Monsanto studies the EPA launched what Sanjour says was a harrassing investigation of Jenkins. "''Within days of learning that the Office of Enforcement'' [which "began to look into the criminal aspect of the fraud charges"] ''had initiated a criminal investigation of Monsanto based on Jenkins' allegations, her job duties were withdrawn without warning. She was not given any assignments from August 30, 1990 until she was reassigned on April 8, 1992 to a job which was primarily administrative or clerical." "Dr. Jenkins filed a complaint with the Department of Labor claiming that she was being harassed for carrying out perfectly legal activities''". The Labor Department investigated and found in Jenkins favor. The EPA appealed three times all the way up to the Secretary of Labor but each time the Department came down in favor of Jenkins finding that "''None of the rationales [explaining her transfer] given by EPA ... appear valid''".
