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'''Novartis''' is a global [[pharmaceutical multinational from ]] and [[biotechnology]] corporation with headquarters in Basel, Switzerland that . The company specializes in biotechnological drug production and distributiondrugs, as well as a vast array of consumer healthcare products, including the manufacturing of vaccines, the development of over-the-counter pharmaceuticals not requiring prescrptions, as well as animal healthcare products and the production of , contact lenses and various lense care products. It is the world's 5th largest vaccine producer, and its presence is noted . It distributes in over 140 countries worldwide through approximately 100.,000 or so associates. <ref>[http://www.novartis.com/about-novartis/people/index.shtml "About Welcome to Novartis: Facts"]</ref>. The company formerly owned the Gerber Products Company, a major infant and baby products producer, but sold it to [[Nestlé]] on September, 2007.<ref>Novartis, [http://www.novartis.com/newsroom/media-releases/en/2007/1150584.shtml "Novartis completes divestment program with transfer of Gerber baby foods business"], Media Release, September 03, 2007.January 2010</ref>

Novartis was founded In the fiscal year ending in 1996 as a result December of the merger 2008, Novartis reported sales of Ciba-Geigy 42.58 billion dollars and Sandozhad 96, both Swiss companies with a long history of pharmaceutical experience717 employees.<ref>Novartis, [http://www.novartishoovers.com/about-novartis/company-history/index.shtml "Novartis History"], Novartis website, accessed December 2008.<Novartis_AG/ref> Following the merger, Novartis reorganized its activities, and spun out its chemicals activities as Ciba Specialty Chemicals, which, in January 1997, became an independent companyhtscri-1.<ref>Ciba, [httphtml Company Description://cibasc.com/index/cmp-index/cmp-about.htm "About Us"Novartis AG], Ciba websiteHoovers, accessed December 2008.</ref> {In September 2008 BASF bought Ciba).<ref>[http://www.corporate.basf.com/en/presse/mitteilungen/pm.htm?pmid=3229&id=V00-qN3bGDLaUbcp*WJ "BASF makes offer to acquire Ciba"], Media Release, September 15, 2008.</ref><ref>[http://www.iht.com/articles/2008/09/15/business/basf.php "BASF buys Swiss specialty chemicals maker Ciba"], ''International Herald Tribune'', September 15, 2008.2009</ref>

Novartis combined its agricultural division with that of ==Overview==[[AstraZenecaImage:2007-associates.jpg|thumb|NOVARTIS ASSOCIATES BY REGION AND BY BUSINESS]]  Novartis' four divisions are pharmaceuticals, vaccines and diagnostics; generics and consumer health. Its largest division is pharmaceuticals. Vaccine and Diagnostics manufactures vaccines and blood-screening tools. Its Sandoz generics subsidiary produces generic drugs and active pharmaceutical ingredients. The consumer health unit includes the brand names Benefiber, Excedrin and Theraflu. It also includes contact lenses, eye care products, companion animal and agricultural animal products. See also Novartis products. <ref>[http://www.novartis.com/products/index.shtml Welcome to create Novartis], Novartis, accessed December 2009</ref> Novartis has six major product lines: pharmaceuticals; vaccines & diagnostics; Sandoz generic drugs, Over-the Counter (OTC) self medication; animal products and CIBA vision contact lenses and lens-care products. The company markets over 50 key pharmaceutical products. In 2008 Novartis launched 11 products in the U.S. and the [[SyngentaEuropean Union]] (EU). <ref>[http://www.novartis.com/products/pharmaceuticals-therapeutic-area.shtml Welcome to Novartis: Pharmaceuticals], accessed December 2009</ref> Novartis' Vaccines and Diagnostics Division in November 2000vaccine development and blood-testing equipment. The company is the fifth largest vaccine manufacturer in the world and the second largest supplier of influenza vaccines in he U.S. <ref>[http://www.novartis.com/products/vaccines.shtml Novartis Vaccines and Diagnostics Division"], Novartis, accessed December 2008</ref>Syngenta Sandoz is the generic branch of Novartis pharmaceuticals. It manufactures low cost pharmaceuticals no longer protected by patents. Key products include drugs for central-nervous-system, gastrointestinal and cardiovascular disorders as well as antibiotics and hormone therapies. <ref>[http://www.syngentanovartis.com/enproducts/about_syngentasandoz.shtml About Sandoz: Novartis' generic pharmaceuticals division], Norvartis, accessed January 2009</companyhistoryref> The company's over the counter (OTC) division develops, manufactures and markets non-prescription self medication. <ref>[http://www.novartis.html com/products/over-counter.shtml "Novartis' Over-the-counter product line"], Novartis, accessed January 2009</ref> Novartis manufactures products for companion animals and "Company Historythe health and productivity of farm animals." Products include treatments for disease and parasite infestations. <ref>[http://www.novartis.com/products/animal-health.shtml Novartis Animal Health], Syngenta websiteNovartis, accessed December 2008January 2009</ref> CIBA VISION specializes in contact lenses and lens-care production in over 70 countries. <ref>[http://www.novartis.com/products/ciba-vision.shtml CIBA Vision], Novartis, accessed January 2009</ref>

In 2003==Acquistions, Novartis created a new company named Sandozmergers, a subsidiary that bundles its generic drug production, reusing the predecessor brand.<ref>Sandoz, [http://www.sandoz.it/site/it/l_azienda/News/Notizie/pool/Novartis_toSandoz.pdf "Return of a traditional name: Novartis Generics rebranded as Sandoz"], Media Release, May 20, 2003.</ref>spin-offs & sell offs==

On 20 April 2006, * Novartis acquired was founded in 1996 in a merger of the CaliforniaCiba-based Chiron Corporation. Chiron was formerly divided into three units: Chiron Vaccines Geigy and Chiron Blood Testing, which now combine to form Novartis Vaccines and Diagnostics, and Chiron BioPharmaceuticals, to be integrated into Novartis PharmaceuticalsSandoz pharmaceutical companies.<ref>[http://www.allbusinessnovartis.com/company-activitiesabout-managementnovartis/company-structures-ownershiphistory/5392342-1index.html shtml "Chiron Shareholders Approve Novartis AcquisitionHistory"], ''Media Release''Novartis, April 19 2006accessed December 2008.</ref>

(In USD millions* Novartis combined its agricultural division with that of [[AstraZeneca]] to create Syngenta in November 2000, unless indicated otherwise)the first global group focusing exclusively on agribusiness. <ref>Novartis, [http://www.novartissyngenta.com/downloadsen/investorsabout_syngenta/reports/NovAR07-web-Ecompanyhistory.pdf html "Key Performance IndicatorsCompany History"], ''2007 Novartis Annual Financial report''Syngenta, page 61accessed December 2008.(Pdf)</ref>

<table border="1"><tr><th>Year</th><th>Net sales</th><th>R&D investments as * In 2003, Novartis created a new company named Sandoz, a% of net sales</th>subsidiary that bundles its generic drug production by reusing the predecessor brand.<thref>Employees<[http:/th></tr><tr><td>2007<www.sandoz.it/td><td>39,800<site/td><td>16.9%<it/td><td> 98,200<l_azienda/td><News/tr><tr><td>2006<Notizie/td><td>37,020<pool/td><td>15Novartis_toSandoz.5%</td><td>94pdf "Return of a traditional name: Novartis Generics rebranded as Sandoz"], Sandoz Media Release, May 20,241</td></tr>2003</tableref>

* The company formerly owned Gerber baby products, which it sold to [[ImageNestlé]] in September of 2007. <ref>[http://www.novartis.com/newsroom/media-releases/en/2007/1150584.shtml "Novartis completes divestment program with transfer of Gerber baby foods business"], Novartis, Media Release, September 2007</ref> * In September 2008 Ciba was bought by [[BASF]]. <ref>[http://www.corporate.basf.com/en/presse/mitteilungen/pm.htm?pmid=3229&id=V00-associatesqN3bGDLaUbcp*WJ "BASF makes offer to acquire Ciba"], Media Release, September 15, 2008.</ref>, <ref>[http://www.iht.com/articles/2008/09/15/business/basf.jpg|thumb|NOVARTIS ASSOCIATES BY REGION AND BY BUSINESS]php "BASF buys Swiss specialty chemicals maker Ciba"], ''International Herald Tribune'', September 15, 2008.</ref> ==Drug safety issues== Novartis has been plagued by a number of recent drug safety issues, including the delay of its diabetes drug Galvus and "evaluating" the launch of a generic version of its Lotrel blood pressure treatment. Norvatis withdrew the bowel drug Zelnorm from US shelves in March of 2007.

===Prexige banned in Australia===In August of 2007, Australia banned Novartis' business strategy can be outlined through its 6 major product[[Prexige]], after the deaths of two patients. According to Australia's Therapeutic Goods Administration (TGA), it received 8 reports of serious liver damage, including two deaths and two liver transplants linked to the COX-lines:2 painkiller.

In spite of these developments, there were no plans to pull the drug elsewhere, according to a company spokes person. The company also planned to proceed with filing for marketing approval in the United States. COX-2s have been under a cloud since [[Merck]] withdrew [[Vioxx]] in 2004 after studies showed that it increased the risk for heart attacks. There have also been concerns over other non-steroidal, anti-inflammatory drugs. Prexige had been viewed as a blockbuster seller for Novartis until the Vioxx withdrawal. <ref>[http://www.swissinfo.ch/eng/Novartis_painkiller_banned_after_deaths.html?cid===Pharmaceuticals===6050524 Novartis painkiller banned after deaths], Swissinfo.ch, August 2007</ref>

===Vaccines and DiagnosticsSyngenta===Novartis' Vaccines and Diagnostics Division has specialized in the development of products to combat over 20 vaccine-preventable viral and bacterial diseases, as well as an array of sophisticated blood-testing equipment. Novartis is the world’s fifth-largest vaccines manufacturer and the second-largest supplier of influenza vaccines in the US.<ref>Novartis, [http://www.novartis.com/products/vaccines.shtml "Novartis' Vaccines and Diagnostics Division"], Novartis website, accessed December 2008.</ref>

Sandoz is The creation of Syngenta enabled the generic pharmaceuticals branch parent companies to make considerable savings and rid themselves of Novartistheir controversial agricultural biotechnology ventures. Syngenta has so far managed to avoid the public vilification of [[Monsanto]], specializing in distributing and manufacturing a vast array of low-cost pharmaceutical products no longer protected by patentswhile it quietly develops controversial agricultural biotechnology, including genetic use restriction technologies (GURTs)/traitor technology. <ref>[http://archive.corporatewatch.org/genetics/commercialisation/syngenta. htm Syngenta], Corporate Watch, accessed January 2010</ref>

"===Global GMOs & herbicide market===The key product groups top biotechnology companies are Monsanto, [[DuPont]], [[Aventis]], AstraZeneca and Novartis. They account for almost 100% of Sandoz include antibioticsthe genetically engineered seed and 60% of the global pesticide market. Thanks to recent acquisitions, they now own 23% of the commercial seed market. In 1999, treatments for central-nervous-system disordersalmost 80% of total global transgenic acreage was planted in GMO soy, gastrointestinal medicinescorn, cardiovascular treatments cotton and hormone therapiescanola. Until then, farmers could spray herbicides before planting, but not after, as herbicides would kill the intended crop. The other 20% of genetically modified acreage is planted with crops that produce pesticides. Monsanto’s "New Leaf"potato kills potato beetles, but is itself registered as a pesticide with the [[Environmental Protection Agency]] (EPA). The five largest biotech companies in the world are also the five largest herbicide companies. GMOs ensure a continuous and ever-expanding market for their agrochemicals. <ref>John Robbins [http://www.novartiscelsias.com/productsarticle/sandoz.shtml "About Sandoz: Novartis' generic pharmaceuticals division"the-food-revolution-genetic-engineering-part-i/ Genetic Engineering, Part I], The Food Revolution, accessed December 2009</ref>

===Over-Under current policy, the-counter drugs===government provides large subsidies to farmers to produce grains, in particularly corn and soybeans. Livestock producers use corn and soy as a base for animal feed as they are protein rich and fatten up the animals. They are also cheap (due to government subsidies.) Livestock consumes 47% of the soy and 60% of the corn produced in the US. <ref>[http://www.sustainabletable.org/issues/feed/ The Issues: Corn and Soy], Sustainable Table, accessed December 2009</ref> See also [[Food and Drug Administration]].

===Animal HealthPeasants demand Syngenta leave Brazil===In December of 2007, hundreds of activists broke into Novartis' subsidiary Syngenta's agrochemical plant in Sao Paulo, Brazil. According to a company spokesperson, 50 employees were expelled and production was shut down. Members of the ''Landless Rural Workers’ Movement'' (MST) and its allied group ''Via Campesina'', destroyed genetically-modified corn and soy seedlings at a Syngenta farm in the northeastern state of Ceara. The groups accused Syngenta of attacking landless workers and violating environmental laws and demanded that Syngenta leave Brazil.

"Animal Health focuses on the well-being ===Peasant killed while protesting GMO fields===In October of companion animals 2007, a peasant was shot and on killed during a protest at a Syngenta farm in the southern Parana state.According to the MST, the health and productivity of farm animalsillegally produced genetically modified crops (GMO)'s within a protected enviromental zone close to the internationally acclaimed Iguacu water falls. Our product range provides solutions for The Paraná State Federal Justice decided that experiments with GMOs in the prevention and treatment surroundings of several widespread animal diseases the Iguaçú National Park are illegal. According to Judge Vanessa Hoffman, the park has a a 10 km buffer zone and parasite infestations."<ref>[http://www.novartis.com/products/animal-healththe company was fined R$ 1 million by Brazilian environmental authorities.shtml "Novartis Animal Health"]</ref>

CIBA VISION specializes in contact lenses Industry and lens-care production agricultural [[lobbyist]]s have urged the government to crack down on landless movements, as they "undermine investment conditions in over 70 countriesBrazil." <ref>Raymond Colitt, Vicki Allen [http://www.novartisreuters.com/productsarticle/ciba-vision.shtml "CIBA Vision"idUSN10291088 Brazil's landless peasants occupy Syngenta plants], [[Reuters]], December 2007</ref>

Novartis does [[animal testing]]. ===Animals by species, numbers & location===

===Animals by species, numbers & locations (United States)===* Novartis Pharmaceuticals Corporation, East Hanover, New Jersey <ref>Humane Society of the U.S. [http://www.hsus.org/animals_in_research/general_information_on_animal_research/research_facilities/novartis-pharmaceuticals-corporation.html Research Facilities: Novartis Pharmaceuticals Corporation, East Hanover, New Jersey], Research Facilities[[Humane Society of the United States]], accessed May 2009</ref>

* Novartis Institutes For Biomedical Research, Cambridge, Massachusetts<ref>HSUS [http://www.hsus.org/animals_in_research/general_information_on_animal_research/research_facilities/novartis-institutes-for-biomedical-research.html Research Facilities: Novartis Institutes For Biomedical Research, Cambridge, Massachusetts], Research FacilitiesHSUS, accessed May 2009</ref>

* Novartis Research Foundation Genomics Institute, San Diego, California <ref>HSUS [http://www.hsus.org/animals_in_research/general_information_on_animal_research/research_facilities/genomics-inst-of-the-novartis-reseach-foundation.html Research Facilities: Novartis Research Foundation Genomics Institute, San Diego, California], Research FacilitiesHSUS, accessed May 2009</ref>

* Novartis Animal Health U.S., Inc., Larchwood, Iowa <ref>HSUS [http://www.hsus.org/animals_in_research/general_information_on_animal_research/research_facilities/novartis-animal-health-us-i-n-c.html Research Facilities: Novartis Animal Health U.S., Inc., Larchwood, Iowa], Research FacilitiesHSUS, accessed May 2009</ref>

===Numbers of primates being used & held (United States)===* Novartis Pharmaceuticals Corporation, East Hanover, New Jersey<ref>[http://www.hsus.org/animals_in_research/chimps_deserve_better/monkey-use-in-research/numbers_nonhuman_primates.html Numbers of Nonhuman Primates at U.S. Research Facilities], HSUS, accessed December 2009</ref> ===Facility information, progress reports & USDA-APHIS reports===For links to copies of this facility's [[U.S. Department of Agriculture]] -Animal Plant Health Inspection (APHIS) reports indicating species, number of animals used and other information visit and links, see also [http://www.all-creatures.org/saen/res-fr.html Stop Animal Experimentation Now !: Facility Reports and Information], U.S. Department of Agriculture-Animal Plant Health Inspection reports. This Web site lists each of the 50 states; each state's name links to biomedical research facilities in that state, and to PDF copies of government documents where the facilities must report their animal usage. These facilities performed animal experiments involving pain or distress but no analgesics, anesthetics or pain relievers were administered.<ref>[http://www.all-creatures.org/saen/ia/res-fr-ia-nav.html Facility Reports and Information: Novartis Animal Vaccines, Inc., Larchwood, IA], SAEN, accessed December 2009</ref>, <ref>[http://www.all-creatures.org/saen/nj/res-fr-nj-npc.html Facility Reports and Information: Novartis Pharmaceuticals Corporation, East Hanover, NJ], SAEN, accessed December 2009</ref>

Novartis contract tests out to [[Huntingdon Life Sciences]] (HLS). <ref>Inside Huntingdon Life Sciences [http://www.shac.net/HLS/exposed/inside_hls/Inside_customers.html Inside Customers], SHAC.net, accessed December 20082009</ref> HLS is the 3rd largest Contract Research Organization contract research organization (CRO) in the world and the largest animal testing facility in all of Europe. Firms hire HLS CROs to conduct animal toxicity tests for agrochemicals, petrochemicals, household products, pharmaceutical drugs and toxins. HLS has a long history of gross animal welfare violations. See also [[Huntingdon Life Sciences]]. Novartis contract tests out to [[Covance Laboratories]]. <ref>Inside HLS [http://insidehlsnovartiskills.com/faqCrimes.htm Frequently Asked Questions about Huntingdon Life SciencesNovartis - A Chronicle of Crimes], accessed December 2008Novartiskills.com, acessed January 2010</ref> HLS Covance has a long history of gross animal welfare violations. See also [[Covance Laboratories]]. ==Animal cruelty & welfare violations== ===Dairies of Despair: banned report released in UK===In April 2003, the largest ever set of data concerning animal experiments in the United Kingdom was released following a defeat earlier in the month for a 30 month injunction by Novartis and its former British subsidiary, Imutran. The documents revealed primates being used in the search for solutions to the chronic global shortage of human transplant organs. Baboons were transported from the African savannahs to die in steel cages the size of toilet cubicles. According to the documents, a quarter of the primates died from "technical failures". Researchers describe monkeys and baboons dying in fits of vomiting and diarrhea. Other symptoms were violent spasms, bloody discharges, grinding teeth and uncontrollable, manic eye movements. Animals retreated within themselves, lying still in their cages until they were put of their misery. Baboon W201m died of a stroke after two days of suffering from limb spasms and paralysis. Baboon W205m was "sacrificed" after 21 days. A genetically modified pig's heart had been attached to the vital arteries within its neck. Researchers noted the heart was swelling way beyond its natural size with a strange yellow fluid seeping from the organ. Other animals never even made it to the Novartis contract laboratory, [[Huntingdon Life Sciences]](HLS), sections 2 suffering painful deaths en route. Faxes from global wildlife dealers reveal at least 50 baboons being taken from the African plains for the experiments. In one shipment, the creatures spent 34 hours in cramped transport crates; 10 hours longer than approved by the Home Office (which did not take any action.) In another shipment, three monkeys were found dead with blood oozing from their nostrils at a Paris airport. They had not been able to turn and lie down naturally. The 1,274 pages of documentation revealed a "litany of failings", including at least 520 errors and omissions. <ref>Mark Townsend [http://observer.guardian.co.uk/uk_news/story/0,6903,940033,00.html Exposed: secrets of the animal organ lab], The Observer, April 2003</ref> ===Xenotransplantation & 3frankenscience===The 150 page Diaries of Despair report based on the documentation, provides the public with an unprecedented and extensive insight into the reality of vivisection in Britain. Never before has so much secret information about animal experiments entered the public domain. The report was effectively banned for almost two and a half years by an injunction by Imutran and Novartis in late September of 2000. The leaked documentation reveals horrific animal suffering, corrects misleading public presentation of research and exposes government deception. The five part report provides background information on xenotransplantation; an overview of the leaked documents and the rationale behind transgenic pigs as a potential source of xenografts. It describe the suffering of primates used in the research and the legal framework regulating animal testing. The report documents baboons and cynomolgus monkeys, from (in the case of the baboons) capture in the wild, through transportation half way across the world and their deaths in experiments conducted at HLS.<ref>[http://www.xenodiaries.org/overview.htm Dairies of Despair: The Secret History of pig-to-primate organ transplants], Uncaged Campaigns, accessed January 2010</ref> See also ''Dairies of Despair: Further Reading''. <ref>[http://www.xenodiaries.org/links.htm Dairies of Despair: Further Reading], Uncaged Campaigns, accessed January 2010</ref>

===LaborImunopigs===In spite of 100 years of failed research, the quest to turn animals into spare parts warehouses continues and has done nothing to slow Novartis' search for an ''immunopig''; (pigs genetically manipulated to carry human genes.) However, failed research has shown that animals transplanted with human genes do not have suitable spare parts for humans, any more than non-genetically altered animals do. Other species such as hamsters, rabbits and monkeys have also been subjected to failed horrific and pointless xenotransplantation. The surgeries are so monumentally unsuccessful that animals usually begin to die within minutes.

===Human RightsOrgan failure, rejection & dangers to human health===The transplanted organs do not function or are rejected almost instantaneously. In one experiment, a pig's kidney was accidentally transplanted into the abdomen of a monkey. The victims are then overdosed with anesthetics and their spleens were removed. Monkeys and baboons who survive xenotransplanation die of organ rejection, organ failure and infections from drug toxicity and impaired immune systems. Novartis has subjected monkeys to lethal infections, lethal blood clotting, bleeding complications, viral and protozoal infections, lymph cancer, severe nausea, severe stomach inflammation and diarrhea, dehydration, fatal pneumonia, persistent wound infections, breakdowns, brain trauma, heart attacks, pneumonia and anemia. Primates are also given massive doses of immune-suppressing drugs which cause internal hemorrhaging. In one experiment, a swab was left in a monkey's abdomen which in turn caused a lethal infection. Such incidents occur on a regular basis.

Some animal viruses are impossible to eradicate and can infect humans. Current and historic examples [[mad cow disease]], HIV, [[avian flu]] and the 1918 influenza epidemic. Scientists have expressed concern that recipients of pig organs may pass viruses into the general population. <ref>[http://www.stopanimaltests.com/f_ten_worst_ceo.asp PETA Names the 10 Worst CEOs for Animals in Laboratories], [[People for the Ethical Treatment of Animals]], accessed December 2009</ref>, <ref>[http://www.peta.org/mc/factsheet_display.asp?ID===Environment ===82 Xenografts: Frankenstein Science], PETA Media Center, accessed January 2010</ref>

===Consumer Protection and Product SafetyLaboratory induced schizophrenia in rats===In experiments in Basel, Switzerland, rats Rats between 4 and 8 days age are deprived of oxygen. Some are exposed to reduced oxygen content. Some of them are killed on the 11th day of oxygen deprivation and their brains cut out and examined. Others are exposed to noise and rattled in steel cages until they begin to show symptoms of schizophrenia. Finally, on their 120th day the rats are killed. <ref>Journal of Neural Transmission 2007: 114, 239-248</ref>

===Anti-Trust and Tax PracticesLaboratory induced epilepsy in mice===In experiments in Germany on rats supplied by the Basel laboratory, electrodes are implanted into the stomachs and brains of mice. ''Pilokarpin'' (a drug used to treat dry mouth associated with cancer radiotion treatment) is then injected to induce epilepsy. Some of the mice die due to the treatment and others are again killed and thier brains examined. Surviving mice and subjected to a second injection of the drug Diazepam (Valium). They live up to 28 days with the implanted electrodes before they are killed. <ref>Journal of Neural Transmission 2007: 114, 239-248</ref>

===Social Responsibility InitiativesDrilling open the heads of cats===In Germany experiments, the heads of cats are drilled open and a glass plate is applied. Pictures are shown to the cat and the brain is filmed through the glass plate. The cats are killed after 30 to 45 minutes. Martin Rausch of Novartis Pharma AG, Basel, Switzerland, participated in these experiments. <ref>Neuro Report 2001: 12, 1693-1698</ref>, <ref>[http://novartiskills.com/Crimes.htm Novartis: A Chronicle of Crimes: Animal Torture], Novartiskills.com, acessed January 2010</ref>

==GovernancePersonnel & board==

'''===Board of Directors'''directors===*[[Daniel Vasella]], M.D: - Chairman and & CEO*[[Ulrich Lehner]], Ph.D: PhD - Vice Chairman and & Lead Director*[[Hans-Joerg Rudloff]]: - Vice Chairman*[[Peter Burckhardt]], M.D.*[[Srikant Datar]], Ph.D.*[[William W. George]]*[[Alexandre F. Jetzer]]*[[Pierre Landolt]]*[[Andreas von Planta]], Ph.D.*[[Ing. Wendelin Wiedeking]]*[[Marjorie M. Yang]]*[[Rolf M. Zinkernagel]], M.D.*[[Ann Fudge]]<ref>[http://www.novartis.com/about-novartis/people/board-directors-committees.shtml People: Board of Directors], Novartis, accessed January 2010</ref>

'''===Executive Committee'''committee===*[[Daniel Vasella]], M.D.: - Chairman and & CEO*[[Andreas RummeltRaymund Breu]], Ph.D.: Group Head of Quality Assurance and Technical Operations- Chief Financial Officer*[[Joseph Jimenez]]: CEO Pharmaceuticals*[[Joerg ReinhardtAndreas Rummelt]], Ph.D.: COO of the Novartis - GroupHead, Quality Assurance & Technical Operations*[[Juergen Brokatzky-Geiger]], Ph.D: . - Head of , Human Resources*[[Mark C. Fishman]], MD: - President of the , Novartis Institutes for Biomedical Research (NIBR)*[[Raymund BreuJoseph Jimenez]] - CEO Pharmaceuticals* [[Joerg Reinhardt]], Ph.D. - COO, Novartis Group* [[Andreas Rummelt]], Ph.D.: Chief Financial Officer- Group Head of Quality Assurance & Technical Operations*[[Thomas Wellauer]], Ph.D.: - Head of , Corporate Affairs*[[Thomas Werlen]], Ph.D: - General Counsel

'''====Permanent Attendee of the Executive Committee'''* Andrin Oswald: CEO Vaccines and Diagnosticsattendees====* [[David Epstein: ]] - President and & CEO , Oncology and & Molecular Diagnostics* [[Jeffrey George]] - CEO, Sandoz* [[George Gunn: ]] - CEO , Consumer Health, President and & CEO , Animal Health* Jeffrey George[[Andrin Oswald]] - CEO Vaccines & Diagnostics* [[Jonathan Symonds]] - Deputy CFO & CFO designate, Novartis AG ===Other Senior Management===* [[Paul Herrling]], Ph.D. - Head, Corporate Research* [[Bruno Heynen]] - Secretary to Executive Committee* [[Sheldon Jones]] - Head, Corporate Communications* [[Monika Matti]] - Corporate secretary* [[Leon V. Schumacher]] - Chief Information Officer <ref>[http://www.novartis.com/about-novartis/people/executive-committee.shtml People: Executive Committee], Novartis, accessed January 2010</ref> ==Contact==

Lichtstrasse 35<br>Basel<br>CH-4002 Basel40-56<br>

 Phone: +41 -61 -324 11 11-1111<br><ref>[http://www.hoovers.com/company/Novartis_AG/htscri-1.html Company Description: Novartis AG], Hoovers, accessed December 2009</ref>Fax: +41 61 324 80 01Novartis Corporation <br>608 Fifth Ave. <br>New York, NY 10020 <br>WebsitePhone: 212-307-1122 <br><ref>[http://www.novartishoovers.com/ company/Novartis_Corporation/rrcffyi-1.html Company Description: Novartis Corporation], Hoovers, accessed January 2010<br/ref>Monday - Friday, 8Web address:30 - 17http:00, GMT+1 (Central European Time)//www.novartis.com/

*[[Pharmaceutical industryAmerican Cancer Society]]* [[Animal testing]]* [[Argeris N. Karabelas]]* [[AstraZeneca]]* [[Biotechnology]]* [[Covance Laboratories]]* [[Food and Drug Administration]]* [[Environmentalism]]*[[Medical Industrial ComplexHumane Movement]]*[[Animal testingHuman rights]]*[[Huntingdon Life Sciences]]*[[American Cancer SocietyNational Primate Research Center System]]* [[Pharmaceutical industry]]*[[War on CancerPrexige]]*[[Argeris N. KarabelasWar on Cancer]]

* Consumers International: [http://www.consumersinternationalgmwatch.org* Business and Human Rights: http://www.business-humanrights.org* Corporate GM Watch: http://www.corpwatch.org], accessed January 2010 * Centre for Research on Multinational Corporations: http://somo.nl/ ===External articles===* Humane Society International [http://www.hsus.org/hsi/animal_experiments/product_testing/eu_product_testing_qa/qa_eu_testing_of_chemicals.html Q&A: EU Testing of Chemicals], [[Humane Society International]], March 2009* Humane Society International [http://www.hsus.org/hsi/animal_experiments/product_testing/eu_product_testing_qa/qa_eu_testing_pharmaceuticals.html Q&A: EU Testing of Pharmaceuticals], HSI, March 2009* Humane Society International [http://www.hsus.org/hsi/animal_experiments/product_testing/eu_product_testing_qa/qa_eu_testing_of_vaccines.html Q&A: EU Testing of Vaccines], HSI, March 2009

[[Category: Pharmaceutical industry]] [[Category: Animal testing]][[Category: Huntingdon Life Sciences]] [[Category: Corporations]] [[Category: Health]] [[Category: Cancer]] [[Category: Agriculture]] [[Category: Gross Animal Welfare Violations]] [[Category: Human rights abuses]]