Changes

"Since the Seattle surprise of 1999, it has become standard procedure to erect a miniature [[police state]] around globalization summits, and it's hard not to read these rights-free zones as prefigurations of what full-blown corporate globalization might bring. After all, this form of globalization would essentially suspend local, regional, and national rights of self-determination over labor, environmental, and agricultural conditions in the name of the dubious benefits of the [[free market]], benefits that would be enforced by unaccountable transnational authorities acting primarily to protect the rights of capital." --Rebecca Solnit, November 2003.[http://www.nationinstitute.org/tomdispatch/index.mhtml?pid=1090]

"Many of the armed conflicts of recent years have been sustained by economic activities of combatants with access to global markets. Today's warlords, make use of global financial and commodity markets to transform control over natural resources into war fighting capacity. Under the cover of armed conflict, legally or illegally produced commodities are traded on the legitimate, but highly unregulated, global markets to obtain financial resources, weapons and other materiel needed to sustain the war."[http://www.fafo.no/piccr/ecocon.htm]

The activity of globalization can be applied to, or against, any country, including the U.S. [http://www.citizen.org/pressroom/release.cfm?ID=1368 March 28, 2003, ''Public Citizen'']:

:"Negotiated behind closed doors between the Bush administration and America's most toxic industry, this outrageous reversal directs the government to quit enforcing existing federal law," said Steve D'Esposito of [http://www.mineralpolicy.org/ Mineral Policy Center].

See article on [[Imperial terror in South America]] and links therefrom.

Since U.S. and U.K. forces, the "[[coalition of the willing]]," began the campaign ([[Gulf War II]]) to oust [[Saddam Hussein]] and his "repressive" and "malignant" Iraqi leadership, other challenges for globalization may be on the horizon. Some are seeing Iraq's -- and the Middle East's -- future through other definitions like '''Americanization''', or [[Pax Americana| the Pax Americana doctrine]].

An increasingly popular view is that [[Islamist]] activity is more [[anti-imperialist]] than religiously motivated. [[Olivier Roy]] of the [[Open Society Institute]] has broached the view that any model of an [[Islamic caliphate]] would almost certainly be defined by its resistance to economic globalization, rather than any religious ideal.

[http://story.news.yahoo.com/news?tmpl=story&u=/oneworld/20031028/wl_oneworld/2216714241067350877 Jim Lobe, Washington, D.C., October 28, 2003 (OneWorld)] writes:

:The groups' appeal comes on the eve of the [http://www.un.org/apps/news/story.asp?NewsID=8706&Cr=democratic&Cr1=congo final report of a Panel of Experts] ["Panel of Experts on the Illegal Exploitation of Natural Resources and Other Forms of Wealth of the DRC"] that was established by the UN in 2000 to study the '''illegal exploitation''' of the DRC's abundant natural resources.

* [[Joseph E. Stiglitz]]. 2003, 2002. '''[[Globalization and its Discontents]]'''. New York: W.W. Norton. ISBN0393051242.

*[[Pax Americana, Africa]]

*[http://www.globalwitness.org/campaigns/diamonds/un.php Conflict Diamonds].

*[http://www.globalwitness.org/reports/show.php/en.00016.html '''"A Crude Awakening"'''], December 1999, The Role of the Oil and Banking Industries in Angola's conflict.

*[http://www.fafo.no/piccr/background.htm Background and Primary Source Documents on Economics of Armed Conflict].

*[http://www.natural-resources.org/minerals/law/conflict.htm information on conflicts involving the exploitation of metals].

*[[American Turkish Council]]

*Joseph Stiglitz, [http://www.wwnorton.com/catalog/spring03/032439.htm Globalization and its Discontents] ISBN 0-393-32439-7.

*Jagdish N. Bhagwati, [http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/tg/detail/-/0195170253?v=glance In Defense of Globalization], Jan 2004, ISBN: 0195170253.

[[category:national security threat]]