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==Use of diammonium phosphate to manipulate nicotine impact==
[[Philip Morris]] was the first to discover that the application of [[diammonium phosphate]] (DAP) on tobacco gave the smoker a more rapid impact from the drug nicotine after first lighting up. According to a British American Tobacco (DAP) document, the history the use of DAP "trac[es] back to the early 1960's, at which point in time diammonium phosphate was first patented by Philip Morris (1) for its ability to release pectin during [tobacco] sheet formation and thus provide a natural binder capable of holding the cast sheet together." The use of DAP led to the accidental discovery that the chemical favorably altered smoke taste and flavor. Subsequently, Philip Morris devoted much effort to optimizing this discovery.
By the mid-1970s, Philip Morris had started using its new nicotine-enhancing technology on its Marlboro and Merit brands, and saw a resulting increase in sales which drew the attention of competing cigarette manufacturers.
Philip Morris, BAT and [[R.J. Reynolds]] soon found that when applied to certain types of strong, harsh tobaccos, the application of DAP toned down harshness in the tobacco and led to higher-than-expected nicotine impact due to improved nicotine transfer into smoke, and greater proportions of nicotine in freebase (or "extractable") form. <ref>M.Coleman, British American Tobacco [http://legacy.library.ucsf.edu/tid/fji74a99 Report on Root technology] Report. 47 pp. November 26, 1991. Bates No. 402444072/4118</ref>
==R.J. Reynolds' "REST Process"==
