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The '''Competitive Enterprise Institute''' (CEI) is a advocacy group libertarian think tank based in Washington DC, D.C. It calls itself Founded in 1984, CEI's mission is to "a non-profitreform America's unaccountable regulatory state, non-[[partisan]] research " and advocacy institute dedicated to the principles of free enterprise and limited government. We believe that individuals are best helped not by government intervention, but by making their own choices advance "policies to eliminate harmful bureaucratic controls so people can live in a free marketplacefreer, healthier, and more prosperous nation." <ref>Competitive Enterprise Institute, [httphttps://www.cei.org/pagesabout/aboutAbout], organizational website, accessed April 19, 2024.cfm] </ref>

On its website The organization is primarily associated with tobacco disinformation and climate change denial, having received substantial funding from companies and political advocacy groups in the tobacco, energy, technology, and automotive industries. ''Inside Climate News'' has referred to CEI as "one of the fossil fuel industry's most steadfast allies," while CEI states that itself claims it "serves as both a think tank—creating intellectual ammunition to support free markets—and an advocacy organization—putting “has been instrumental in fighting decades of climate alarmism and anti-energy policies that ammunition to use in persuasive waysconstrict energy supplies, raise prices, and stoke unjustified pessimism about human adaptive capabilities." ”<ref>Competitive Enterprise Institute, [httphttps://www.cei.org/sectionsissues/energy-and-environment/ Energy and Environment], organizational website, accessed April 19, 2024.</sectionref><ref>John H.cfm?section=21Cushman Jr., [https://insideclimatenews.org/news/08042016/think-tank-fossil-fuel-ties-competitive-enterprise-institute-subpoena-attorney-general-climate-change-exxon/ "Think Tank with Fossil-Fuel Ties Subpoenaed in AG's Climate Inquiry"], ''Inside Climate News'', April 8, 2016.</ref>

It postures as an advocate of "CEI formerly belonged to various conservative alliances, including the [[Alliance for America]], [[Get Government Off Our Backs]], [[sound scienceTownhall.com]]" in , the development of public policy[[National Consumer Coalition]] (a pro-corporate front group headed by Frances B. HoweverSmith, the wife of CEI projects dispute the overwhelimng scientific evidence that human induced greenhouse gas emissions are driving climate changefounder Fred L. They have a program for "challenging government regulations"Smith), push and the [[property rightsEnvironmental Education Working Group]] as (a solution national umbrella group for organizations working to environment problemsundermine environmental education in schools.) CEI was linked to the UK-based right-wing think tank, opposed US vehicle fuel efficiency standards and been a booster for the [[drug industryInternational Policy Network]], via shared staff and an identical US contact address.

See '''In addition, CEI sponsored several, now defunct, subsidiary organizations, including the [[Competitive Enterprise Institute/Competitive Enterprise Institute And Global Warming|The Competitive Enterprise Institute And Global WarmingCenter for Private Conservation]]''' and Michael Sanera'''s [[Competitive Enterprise Institute/Center for Environmental Educational Research]]. CEI Programs & Projects|CEI Programs & Projectsfinances and operates [[Cooler Heads Coalition]]. [http://www.globalwarming.org/ GlobalWarming.org]''' for , a project of Cooler Heads Coalition, describes the group as an "ad hoc coalition of more detailsthan two dozen free market and conservative non-profit groups in U.S. and abroad that question global warming alarmism and oppose energy-rationing policies."<ref>GlobalWarming, [http://www.globalwarming.org/contributors/ Contributors], organizational website, accessed April 19, 2024.</ref>

==Alliances==CEI belongs to various conservative alliances, including is an "associate" member of the [[Alliance for AmericaState Policy Network]], [[Get Government Off Our Backs]]a web of right-wing "think tanks" and tax-exempt organizations in 50 states, Washington, [[TownhallD.com]], the [[National Consumer Coalition]] (a pro-corporate front group headed by [[Frances BC. Smith]], the wife of CEI founder [[Fred Smith]])Canada, and the United Kingdom.<ref>State Policy Network, [[Environmental Education Working Group]https://spn.org/directory/ Directory] (EEWG), a national umbrella group for organizations working to undermine environmental education in schools. It is linked to the UK-based rightwing thinktank, the [[International ''State Policy Network]]'', via shared staff and an identical US contact address2016. It also sponsors several other subsidiary organizations, including:</ref>

== History ==

By In 1992, CEI's annual budget had reached $765,000. That year it helped coordinate "Earth Summit Alternatives" to counter the Earth Summit in Rio de Janeiro, generating anti-environmental commentary that appeared on the MacNeil/Lehrer News Hour, National Review, Washington Times, Detroit News, Investor's Daily, Inside EPA's Clean Air Report, CNBC, C-SPAN, CBS Radio and Voice of America. In March of that year, CEI’s founder Fred L. Smith said of anthropogenic climate change, "Most of the indications right now are it looks pretty good. Warmer winters, warmer nights, no effects during the day because of clouding, sounds to me like we’re moving to a more benign planet, more rain, richer, easier productivity to agriculture."<ref>Think Progress, [https://web.archive.org/web/20060823021436/http://thinkprogress.org/2006/05/17/global-warming-looks-good/ "CEI Founder on Global Warming: 'It Looks Pretty Good... We're Moving to a More Benign Planet'"], ''Think Progress'', May 17, 2006.</ref> CEI also published its first book, titled ''Environmental Politics.''Jonathan Adler, CEI's Director of Environmental Studies, wrote ''Implementing the U.S. Clean Air Act in Arizona'' in conjunction with the [[Barry Goldwater Institute for Public Policy Research]], a small think tank headed by [[Michael Sanera]], a former professor of political science at Northern Arizona University and an adjunct scholar at the conservative [[Heritage Foundation]].<ref> [http://www.amazon.com/gp/product/B0006RW03C/qid=1148438836/sr=1-13/ref=sr_1_13/104-2202380-8195161?s=books&v=glance&n=283155 "Implementing the U.S. Clean Air Act in Arizona"], Barry Goldwater Institute for Public Policy Research, 1992. ASIN B0006RW03C.</ref> The following year they wrote another report, "Reforming Arizona's Air Pollution Policy."

In 1992, Jonathan Adler, 1994 CEI's director of environmental studies, wrote ''Implementing began working on a book with the U.S. Clean Air Act in Arizona'' in conjunction with [[Alabama Family Alliance]] and the [[Barry Goldwater Arizona Institute for Public Policy Research]], a small think tank (also founded and headed by Sanera). Tentatively titled ''An Environmental Primer for Parents: How to Talk to Your Children About Environmental Issues'', the book was eventually published under the title ''Facts Not Fear'', with Sanera and [[Michael SaneraJane S. Shaw]], listed as the authors. It claims that environmental education in the classroom is a politicized effort to indoctrinate kids into becoming activists. Sanera was also instrumental in gutting a former professor of political science at Northern previously strong environmental education mandate in Arizona University . He and CEI became leading forces behind an adjunct scholar at ongoing, industry-funded campaign to eliminate funding for environmental education throughout the conservative [[Heritage Foundation]]United States. <ref>John Stauber, [httphttps://www.amazonprwatch.comorg/gpprwissues/product2000Q2/B0006RW03C/qid=1148438836/sr=1-13/ref=sr_1_13/104-2202380-8195161?s=books&v=glance&n=283155fearnotfacts.html "Facts Not Fear Wants to Make the World Safe for Styrofoam"] The following year they wrote another report "Reforming Arizona, ''PR Watch''s Air Pollution Policy", Second Quarter 2000, Volume 7, No. 2.</ref>

In 1994 1995, CEI began working on a book with the [[Alabama Family Alliance]] and the [[Arizona Institute for Public Policy Research]] (also founded and headed by Sanera). Tentatively titled joined several other think tanks in attacking ''An Environmental Primer for Parents: How to Talk to Your Children About Environmental IssuesOur Stolen Future'', the book was eventually published under about environmental endocrine disruptors by Theo Colborn, Dianne Dumanoski and Peter Myer. Just prior to the title book's release, CEI released two separate studies belittling "the hypothetical risks to human health" discussed in Colborn'Facts Not Fear's book. On the same day that CEI's reports came out, with Sanera and [[Jane SConsumer Alert]] (run by [[Frances B. ShawSmith]] listed as , the authorswife of CEI founder [[Fred L. It claims that environmental education in Smith]]) issued its own news release labeling the classroom is a politicized effort to indoctrinate kids into becoming activitists. Sanera was also instrumental in gutting book "a previously strong environmental education mandate in Arizonascaremongering tract. He and CEI have become leading forces behind an ongoing"<ref>David Helvarg, industry-funded campaign to eliminate funding for environmental education throughout the United States. [http://www.prwatchmindfully.org/prwissuesPesticide/2000Q2Our-Stolen-Future-Defense.htm "Poison Pens: When science fails, try public relations: the chemical industry's attempt to discredit Our Stolen Future"], ''Sierra'', Volume 82, Number 1, Januray/fearnotfactsFebruary 1997.html]</ref>

In 1995March 1996, CEI joined several other think tanks in attacking ''Our Stolen Future's [[Michelle Malkin]] and [[Michael Fumento]] published "Rachel's Folly," which claims that dioxin is good for you.<ref>Michael Fumento, the book about environmental endocrine disruptors by Theo Colborn[http://www.cei.org/gencon/025, Dianne Dumanoski and Peter Myer01518. Just prior to the bookcfm Rachel's releaseFolly: The End of Chlorine], CEI released two separate studies belittling "the hypothetical risks to human health" discussed in Colborn's bookCompetitive Enterprise Institute, February 29, 1996. On the same day that </ref> CEI's reports came out, [[Consumer AlertJonathan Tolman]] (run who holds a bachelor's degree in political science), published a study that month titled "Nature's Hormone Factory," claiming that naturally-occurring chemicals produced by plants and other living organisms are as dangerous as industrial chemicals.<ref>Jonathan Tolman, [[Frances Bhttp://www.cei.org/gencon/025,01455. Smith]cfm "Nature's Hormone Factory: Endocrine Disrupters in the Natural Environment"], the wife Competitive Enterprise Institute, January 31, 1996.</ref> In December of that year, CEI founder [[Fred Smith]]) issued its own news release labeling submitted comments opposing the book EPA's proposed air quality rule to limit particulate emissions, claiming that "a scaremongering tractthe EPA has failed to consider whether the proposed standard may actually increase mortality due to reductions in disposable income that compliance efforts may produce. ... At all times regulation imposes costs that mean less real income to individuals for alternative expenditure. That deprivation of real income itself has adverse health effects, in the form of poorer diet, more heart attacks, more suicides." <ref>[http://www.mindfullybydesign.orgcom/Pesticidenaaqs/Our-Stolen-Future-Defensecei.pm.htmhtml Comments of the Competitive Enterprise Institute on the Environmental Protection Agency's Proposed Rule Changing the Ambient Air Quality Standards For Particulate Matter"], NAAQS on the Web, December 13, 1996.</ref>

In March 1996, 1997 ''Boston Globe'' reporter Jeff Jacoby described CEIas "one of Washington's [[Michelle Malkin]] and [[Michael Fumento]] published feistiest think tanks."Rachel The same year CEI's Folly," which claims that dioxin is good Adler lobbied Congress to cut off federal funding for youthe National Fish and Wildlife Foundation. <ref>[http://wwwhome.ceiearthlink.orgnet/gencon~jhadler/025,01518nfwf.cfm] CEI's [[html Written Testimony of Jonathan TolmanH. Adler, Director of Environmental Studies for the Competitive Enterprise Institute"]] (who holds a bachelor's degree in political science), published a study that month titled "Nature's Hormone FactorySubmission to the Subcommittee on Fisheries, Conservation," claiming that naturally-occurring chemicals produced by plants Wildlife and other living organisms are as dangerous as industrial chemicalsOceans Committee on Resources, U. [http://wwwS.ceiHouse of Representatives, September 25, 1997.org</gencon/025ref> In July, it participated in an anti-environmental summit sponsored by the conservative [[Western States Coalition]] in Spokane,01455Washington.cfm] In December Under the theme of that year"Responsible Legislation Through Education: Solutions That Work, CEI submitted comments opposing " the EPAconference showcased [[Michael Sanera]]'s proposed air quality rule to limit particulate emissionsattacks on environmental education. Ironically, claiming that "while much of the EPA has failed to consider whether conference focused on the proposed standard may actually increase mortality due to reductions in disposable income that compliance efforts may produce. ... At all times regulation imposes costs that mean less real income to individuals for alternative expenditure. That deprivation alleged indoctrination of real income itself has adverse health effectsschool children by environmentalists, in the form event featured a "trade show" of poorer dietindustry-sponsored K-12 curricula and materials.<ref>Western States Center, more heart attacks, more suicides." [http://www.bydesignwesternstatescenter.comorg/naaqspublications/cei.pm97summit.html"Western States Coalition Summit VIII: The Anti-Environmental Lobby and Environmental Education"], Western States Center, July 1997.</ref>

In CEI was also active in opposing the 1997 ''Boston Globe'' reporter Jeff Jacoby described international global warming negotiations in Kyoto. CEI as staff, including [[Fred Smith]], [[James Sheehan]], Jonathan Adler and [[Marlo Lewis]], featured prominently in a list of "experts" provided to reporters by the industry-funded [[Global Climate Coalition]]. "one of Washington's feistiest The campaign against the 1997 Kyoto global warming treaty waged by right-wing think tanks.has been another area where corporate America has heavily invested in right-wing policy groups that advance its interest," noted author David Callahan in 1999, " The same year Competitive Enterprise Institute has been a particularly aggressive advocate of the notion that global warming is a 'theory not a fact.' Since 1991, CEI's Adler lobbied Congress budget has grown from less than $1 million to cut off federal funding for the National Fish and Wildlife Foundationover $4 million. "<ref name ="Callahan"> David Callahan, [http://homewww.earthlinkwashingtonmonthly.netcom/~jhadlerfeatures/nfwf1999/9911.callahan.think.html] In July, it participated in an anti-environmental summit sponsored by the "The Think Tank As Flack: How Microsoft and other corporations use conservative [[Western States Coalitionpolicy groups"]] in Spokane, ''WashingtonMonthly'', November, 1999. Under </ref> Callahan also noted that although the theme of "Responsible Legislation Through Education: Solutions That Workextent to which conservative think tanks rely on corporate funding support varies widely," CEI and the conference showcased [[Michael SaneraAmerican Enterprise Institute]]'s attacks on environmental education. Ironically, while much "have two of the conference focused on the alleged indoctrination highest levels of school children by environmentalistscorporate support, the event featured a with both getting roughly 40 percent of their 1996 revenues from corporations."<ref name ="trade showCallahan" of industry-sponsored K-12 curricula and materials. [http://www.westernstatescenter.org/publications/97summit.html]>

CEI was also active in opposing the 1997 international global warming negotiations in Kyoto. CEI staff including [[Fred Smith]]On October 29, [[James Sheehan]]1999, Jonathan Adler CEI and [[Marlo LewisConsumer Alert]] featured prominently in submitted comments opposing a list of "experts" provided to reporters proposed rule by the industry-funded [[Global Climate Coalition]]. "The campaign against Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco and Firearms banning makers of alcoholic beverages from labeling their products with statements about the 1997 Kyoto global warming treaty waged by right-wing think tanks has been another area where corporate America has heavily invested in right-wing policy groups that advance its interestalleged benefits of " noted author David Callahan in 1999.moderate consumption"The Competitive Enterprise Institute has been a particularly aggressive advocate of the notion that global warming is a 'theory not a factalcohol.' Since 1991, CEI's budget has grown from less than $1 million to over $ 4 million." <ref>[http://www.washingtonmonthlycei.comorg/featuresgencon/1999/9911003,02459.callahancfm "Benefits of Moderate Alcohol Consumption to Get Their Day in Court"], Competitive Enterprise Institute, June 11, 2001.</ref> In March 2001, CEI joined other similar thinktanks and experts for hire (including the [[American Council on Science and Health]], [[Steven J.htmlMilloy]], [[Dennis Avery]] Callahan also noted that although the extent to which conservative think tanks rely on corporate funding support varies widely, CEI [[Consumer Alert]] and the [[American Enterprise InstituteNational Council on Public Policy Research]] ) in an open letter criticizing Starbucks for its decision to serve milk products only from cows not treated with genetically-engineered bovine growth hormone."have two of Your action is unfounded, and harms consumers and the highest levels of corporate supportenvironment, with both getting roughly 40 percent of their 1996 revenues from corporations" they stated." <ref>[http://wwwlists.ifas.washingtonmonthlyufl.comedu/features/1999cgi-bin/9911wa.callahanexe?A2=ind0103&L=sanet-mg&P=29925 "Consumer Groups Protest Starbucks Decision Not to Serve Milk From Growth-Hormone Supplemented Cows"], Media Release, March 20, 2001.think.html]</ref>

On October 29, 1999When pundit John Stossel came under fire in August 2000 for citing nonexistent scientific studies] on a 20/20 segment bashing organic foods, CEI and [[Consumer Alert]] submitted comments opposing set up a proposed rule by the Bureau of Alcohol"Save John Stossel" website in support. <ref>Environmental Working Group, Tobacco and Firearms banning makers of alcoholic beverages from labeling their products with statements about the alleged benefits of [https://web.archive.org/web/20030201222424/http://www.ewg.org/pub/home/reports/givemeafake/home.html "moderate consumptionStossel Reprimanded but Not Fired" of alcohol], organizational website, November 3, 2000. </ref><ref>Competitive Enterprise Institute, [http://www.cei.org/gencon/003,0245902543.cfm"More Than 1,200 Sign Petition Supporting Stossel"] In March 2001, CEI joined other similar think tanks and experts for hire (including organizational website, August 22, 2000.</ref> Stossel returned the favor the [[American Council following year by working with Michael Sanera to put together a program titled "Tampering With Nature," which focused on Science and Health]], [[Steven Jattacking environmental education. Milloy]]In March 2001, a pesticide industry front group known as [[Dennis Avery]], [[Consumer Alert]] and the [[National Council on Public Policy ResearchResponsible Industry for a Sound Environment]](RISE) in sent out an open letter criticizing Starbucks for action alert memorandum to its decision to serve milk products only from cows not treated with genetically-engineered bovine growth hormonemembers. "Mr. Sanera has been contacted by ABC News," the memo stated."Your action A producer for John Stossel is unfoundedworking on a program on environmental education. He needs examples of kids who have been 'scared green' by schools teaching doomsday environmentalism in the classroom. ... He has some examples, but needs more. Would you send out a notice to your group and harms consumers and the environment," ask if they statedknow of some examples. Then contact Mr. Sanera ... Let's try to help Mr. Stossel. He treats industry fairly in his programs. "<ref>[http://listswww.ifasgreat-lakes.ufl.edunet/lists/enviro-mich/cgi2001-bin04/wamsg00000.exe?A2=ind0103&L=sanet-mg&P=29925html 'Message from Allen James to RISE Members Alerts Team"], March 27, 2001.</ref>

CEI has also worked Prior to cultivate the program's air date in July, several California parents of children interviewed by Stossel filed a relationship complaint with [[John Stossel]]ABC, stating that they had been misled about the nature of the controversial correspondent for ABC-TV's 20/20 programand the types of leading questions their kids would be asked. When Stossel came under fire in August 2000 for Seattle teacher John Borowski also reported being approached] by ABC producer [[http://www.ewg.org/pub/home/reports/givemeafake/home.html citing nonexistent scientific studiesTed Balaker]] , who attempted to trick him into appearing on camera by claiming that he was making a 20/20 segment bashing organic foodsdocumentary about Earth Day, CEI set up a [http://www.savejohnstossel.org/ "Save John while denying that he was working with Stossel" website] to help him keep his joband Sanera. <ref>Cheryl Seal, [http://wwwdemocrats.cei.org/genconcom/003,02543view.cfm] ?id=2648 "Scared Green: How John Stossel returned , ABC, Rightwing Think Tanks and the favor the following year by working with Michael Sanera Chemical Industry Are Colluding to put together a program titled "Tampering With NatureTrash Environmental Education" that focused on attacking environmental education. In March 2001, a pesticide industry front group known as [[Responsible Industry for a Sound Environment]] (RISE) sent out an action alert memorandum to its members. "Mr. Sanera has been contacted by ABC News," the memo stated." A producer for John Stossel is working on a program on environmental education''Democrats. He needs examples of kids who have been com'scared green' by schools teaching doomsday environmentalism in the classroom. ... He has some examples, but needs more. Would you send out a notice to your group and ask if they know of some examples. Then contact Mr. Sanera ... Let's try to help Mr. Stossel. He treats industry fairly in his programs." [http://wwwMay 13, 2001.great-lakes.net</lists/enviro-mich/2001-04/msg00000.html]ref>

Apparently neither Stossel nor CEI applied similar standards of fairness toward the schoolteachers and students they interviewed. Prior to the program's air date commentaries frequently appeared in July, several California parents of children interviewed by Stossel filed a complaint with media venues such as ABC's 20/20, stating that they had been misled about the nature of the program and the types of leading questions their kids would be asked. Seattle teacher John Borowski also [http:[American Spectator]], ''Christian Science Monitor'', ''Consumers' Research'', ''Crossfire'', ''Forbes'', ''Good Morning America'', ''Larry King Live'', ''MacNeil//democrats.com/view.cfm?id=2648reports being approachedLehrer News Hour'', Moneyline, New York Times, [[Policy Review]] by ABC producer , [[Ted BalakerPBS]], who attempted to trick him into appearing on camera by claiming that he was making a documentary about Earth Day''Reader's Digest'', ''USA Today'', while denying that he was working with Stossel ''Wall Street Journal'', ''Washington Post'' and Sanera[[Washington Times]].

CEI==News and Controversies=====Influence on Trump's commentaries frequently appear Climate Change Policy===Government emails obtained through a public records request in media venues such 2019 revealed the ways in which climate change denialist groups greatly influenced policy during the Trump presidency. Myron Ebell, who served as ABCthe director of CEI's 20/20, [[American Spectator]]Center for Energy and Environment before retiring in late 2023, was appointed by Trump in 2016 to lead the transition team for the EPA and was instrumental in the elimination of Obama-era climate change policies. According to ''Christian Science MonitorThe New York Times'', "Mr. Ebell''Consumers' Research''s group [CEI] weighed in at a critical juncture in the policymaking process, ''Crossfire''" influencing Trump to roll back emissions standards and freeze fuel economy standards for cars.<ref>Hiroko Tabuchi, [https://www.nytimes.com/2019/07/02/climate/climate-deniers-auto-emissions-rollback.html "Climate Change Denialists Dubbed Auto Makers the 'Opposition'Forbes'', ''Good Morning America'', ''Larry King Live'in Fight Over Trump's Emissions Rollback"], ''MacNeil/Lehrer News Hour'', Moneyline, The New York Times, [[Policy Review]], [[PBS]], ''Reader's Digest'', ''USA Today'', ''Wall Street Journal''July 2, ''Washington Post'' and [[Washington Times]]2019.</ref>

== Personnel =Corporate and Industry Sponsors of CEI's 35th Anniversary Event===In 2019, CEI held a Game of Thrones-themed dinner event in commemoration of the organization's 35th anniversary. A program, obtained by ''The New York Times'', reveals the event's sponsors. This included Marathon Petroleum, American Fuel and Petrochemical Manufacturers, Credit Union National Association, the [[Heritage Foundation]], T-Mobile, Amazon, American Beverage Association, Distilled Spirits Council, Juul, NCTA - the Internet and Television Association, Verizon, the [[Charles Koch Institute]], Motion Picture Association of America, National Association of Broadcasters, Philip Morris International, Uber, [[Americans for Prosperity Foundation]], [[Atlas Society]], AT&T, [[DonorsTrust]], Union Pacific Corporation, and others.<ref>Competitive Enterprise Institute, [https://int.nyt.com/data/documenthelper/1366-cei-gala-program/1438e537f20a04a672f6/optimized/full.pdf 35th Anniversary Dinner and Reception], Competitive Enterprise Institute, accessed April 19, 2024.</ref>

===Anti-Obamacare Lawsuits===Reporting by ''Mother Jones'' in 2015 found that CEI employs approximately 40 office people, including support staff and inhad been the "driving force" behind two high-profile anti-house Obamacare lawsuits: ''King v. Burwell'' and adjunct policy analysts''Halbig v. Burwell. The personnel list is so extensive it has been shifted to ''CEI lawyers recruited the four plaintiffs in ''King v. Burwell'', as well as funded the litigation. Had the Supreme Court ruled in the plaintiffs favor, consequences would have included an increase in premiums by 35% or more, as well as a loss of health coverage for potentially more than 8 million people. <ref>Stephanie Mencimer, [[Competitive Enterprise Institutehttps://www.motherjones.com/politics/2015/02/competitive-enterprise-institute-king-burwell-obamacare-pharma/Personnel]"Why Is Big Pharma Financing a Conservative Group Trying to Destroy Obamacare?"], ''Mother Jones'', February 18, 2015.</ref>

== Funding ==Participation in 2015 Coal and Investment Leadership Forum===CEISenior Fellow [[Christopher C. Horner|Chris Horner]] was featured as a speaker at the 2015 Coal and Investment Leadership Forum, an invitation-only retreat that brought together coal industry executives, Republican donors, and other "stakeholders," according to an invitation obtained by the Center for Media and Democracy and reported on by ''The Guardian''s Budget==. Others named in the 2015 invitation included [[Jeb Bush]], [[Tennessee Valley Authority]] president Bill Johns, and "the owners and chief executives of coal mining and energy companies" including [[Alliance Resource Partners]], [[Alpha Natural Resources]], [[Consol Energy]], [[Drummond Company]], [[Arch Coal]], and [[United Coal Company]].<ref name="goldenberg coal forum">Suzanne Goldenberg, [http://www.theguardian.com/us-news/2015/may/29/jeb-bush-closed-door-meeting-coal-industry-barons Jeb Bush cozies up to coal industry barons at closed-door meeting]," ''The Guardian'', May 29, 2015.</ref>

Since 1991===Mountaintop Removal===In January 2011, CEIWilliam Yeatman, an energy policy analyst with the the Competitive Enterprise Institute, charged that the [[Environmental Protection Agency]]'s budget has grown from less than $(EPA) revocation of a permit for a West Virginia [[mountaintop removal]] mining operation - [[Spruce 1 million to over $ 4 millionMine]] - "would trade jobs for protection of an insect that lives for a day and isn't even an endangered species." David Callahan also noted that although the extent to which conservative think tanks rely on <ref>Edward Flattau, [http://www.huffingtonpost.com/edward-flattau/corporate funding support varies widely-hyperbole_b_811938.html "Corporate Hyperbole"] HuffPo, CEI and Jan. 21, 2011.</ref> The EPA, however, did not veto the [[American Enterprise Institute]] "have two permit because of a bug, but because the highest levels operation would have "buried more than six miles of corporate supporthigh-quality streams" and "polluted downstream waters as a result, " with both getting roughly 40 percent of their 1996 revenues from corporationsinadequate mitigations offered by petitioner [[Arch Coal]].<ref name=ct>Ken Ward Jr." , [http://wwwblogs.washingtonmonthlywvgazette.com/featurescoaltattoo/19992011/991101/13/breaking-news-epa-vetoes-spruce-mine-permit/ "Breaking news: EPA vetoes Spruce Mine permit"] Coal Tattoo, Jan.callahan13, 2011.think.html]</ref>

In its IRS Form 990 for ===CEI's "Competitive Allies"===An undated CEI report, uploaded to the fiscal year ending September 30Legacy Tobacco Documents Library in 2007, 2004includes a list of companies and foundations as those who made annual contributions of $10, CEI reported revenues totalling $2000 or more. These contributors include the [[Lynde and Harry Bradley Foundation]], [[Carthage Foundation]], [[Coca-Cola Company]], CSX Corporation, Ford Motor Company Fund, [[Charles G. Koch Charitable Foundation]], [[David H. Koch Charitable Foundation]],919[[Claude R. Lambe Charitable Foundation]],537 almost all of which were in the form of contributions from unspecified sources[[Philip Morris]] Companies, [[Pfizer Inc. Its net assets were $1]], [[Prince Foundation]], [[Rodney Fund]], [[Sarah Scaife Foundation]], Texaco,670Texaco Foundation,808and others. <ref>Competitive Enterprise Institute, [https://web.archive.org/web/20070710002208/http://wwwltdlimages.library.guidestarucsf.orgedu/imagesj/FinDocumentsj/2004o/521t/351jot72e00/2004-521351785-1-9Sjot72e00.pdfCompetitive Enterprise Institute Report] (Pdf), accessed April 18, 2024.</ref>

===2006 Ad Campaign===Between May 18 and 28 of 2006, CEI's Foundation Fundersaired two television ads in 14 cities. These ads promoted carbon dioxide as a positive factor in the environment, as well as argued that global warming was not a concern. One ad asserted that CO2 was misrepresented as a pollutant, stating that "it’s essential to life. We breathe it out. Plants breathe it in... They call it pollution. We call it life."<ref name=factcheck/> The other stated that the world's glaciers are "growing, not melting... getting thicker, not thinner."<ref name==factcheck>Justin Bank, [https://web.archive.org/web/20090204105107/http://www.factcheck.org/article395.html "Scientist to CEI: You Used My Research to 'Confuse and Mislead'"], ''FactCheck'', May 26, 2006.</ref> Both ads cited ''Media TransparencyScience'' lists CEI articles as receiving a total evidence. However, the editor for ''Science'' stated that the ad "misrepresents the conclusions of the two cited Science papers... by selective referencing". The author of $4the articles,296Curt Davis,645 (unadjusted director of the Center for inflation) in 123 grants from Geospatial Intelligence at the University of Missouri-Columbia, said CEI was deliberately misrepresenting his previous research. "These television ads are a range of foundations in deliberate effort to confuse and mislead the public about the period 1985 through to 2004global warming debate," Davis said. <ref>News Bureau, [https://web.archive.org/web/20060614174758/http://wwwmunews.mediatransparencymissouri.orgedu/recipientgrantsNewsBureauSingleNews.phpcfm?81newsid=9842 "MU Professor Refutes National Television Ads Downplaying Global Warming"], University of Missouri-Columbia, May 19, 2006.</ref>

*[[Armstrong Foundation]]===Sponsors of CEI's Annual Dinner in 2005===*In a 2006 profile of CEI and other global warming skeptics, ''Washington Post'' reporter Joel Achenbach noted that "the most generous sponsors" of CEI's 2005 annual dinner were "the [[Barre Seid FoundationAlliance of Automobile Manufacturers]]*, [[Castle Rock FoundationExxon Mobil]]*, the [[Carthage FoundationPharmaceutical Research and Manufacturers of America]] , and [[Scaife FoundationsPfizer]]*[[Charles G. Koch Charitable Foundation]] (Other contributors included [[Koch Family FoundationsGeneral Motors]])*, the [[Claude R. Lambe Charitable FoundationAmerican Petroleum Institute]] (Koch Family Foundations)*, the [[David H. Koch Charitable FoundationAmerican Plastics Council]] (Koch Family Foundations)*, the [[Earhart FoundationChlorine Chemistry Council]]*[[Gordon and Mary Cain Foundation]]*[[Jacqueline Hume Foundation]]*[[JM FoundationArch Coal]]*[[John M. Olin Foundation]]*[[John Templeton Foundation]]*[[Lynde and Harry Bradley Foundation]]*"<ref>Joel Achenbach, [[Philip Mhttps://www. McKenna Foundation, Incwashingtonpost.com/archive/lifestyle/magazine/2006/05/28/the-tempest/6685b49f-5ac6-4ef3-b8b0-21a46a1b1cae/ ''The Tempest'']]*[[Randolph Foundation]]*[[Rodney Fund]]*[[Roe Foundation]]*[[Sarah Scaife Foundation]] (Scaife Foundations)*[[Scaife Family Foundations]]*[[Shelby Cullom Davis Foundation]]*[[William H, ''The Washington Post'', May 27, 2006. Donner Foundation]]</ref>

===Other Funding SourcesOpposition to the First National Climate Assessment===Published in 2000, the First National Climate Assessment was the earliest assessment produced as part of the US federal government's initiative on climate change science. In October of that year, CEI filed a lawsuit against the federal government with Senator James Inhofe as a co-plaintiff. The suit alleged procedural issues in the report's preparation, and demanded that the court block the report's production or utilization. It was ultimately settled when the Bush administration admitted that the National Assessment was a government report, and not official policy.<ref name="earthlast"/>

However, the passage of the Data Quality Act created a new means for parties to submit complains over the scientific quality of government information. As a result, CEI filed the very first suit under the Data Quality Act in 2003, demanding a stop to the National Assessment's dissemination by the government. The [[Capital Research Center]] (CRC) formerly had a profile on White House settled with CEI once again, resulting in the administration's discontinued use of the key findings and results from the National Assessment in its database strategic plan on non-profit groups which listed corporate foundations and other groups not identified by Media Transparencyclimate change. <ref name="earthlast">Chris Mooney, [https://web.archive.org/web/20040607071234/http://www.capitalresearchprospect.org/searchweb/orgdisplaypage.aspww?Orgsection=root&name=ViewPrint&articleId=CEI2007603 "Earth Last"] However, since its profile was linked to this page in ''The American Prospect'', May 4, 2004, the profile on CEI has been removed from the database.</ref>

CEI does not publish a list of its institutional donors. However==Ties to the Bradley Foundation==Between 2000 and 2021, in a CEI report sent to the [[Philip MorrisLynde and Harry Bradley Foundation]]donated $3,265,000 to the Competitive Enterprise Institute. CEI board member Roger Ream was awarded a Bradley Prize Bradley Foundation in 2021 which, according to the think tank identified Bradley Foundation website, is awarded for a range of companies recipient's "contributions to the belief that individual liberty, limited government, and foundations as having given $10economic freedom lead to greater opportunity, prosperity,000 or moreand quality of life. "<ref>Lynde & Harry Bradley Foundation, [httphttps://legacywww.librarybradleyfdn.ucsforg/prizes/recipients Bradley Prize Recipients], organizational website, accessed April 18, 2024.edu/cgi</getdoc?tid=jot72e00&fmt=pdf&ref=results] Contributors included:>

*Aequus Institute*Amoco Foundation, Inc.*[[Coca-Cola Company]], contributions were $25,000 per annum Bradley detailed the grants in internal documents examined by the Center for the period 1991-1995;*[[E.L. Craig Foundation]]*CSX Corporation*Fieldstead Media and CoDemocracy (CMD).*FMC Foundation*Ford Motor Company Fund*[[Curtis and Edith Munson Foundation]]*[[Philip Morris]] CompaniesBelow is a description of grants distributed between 2013-2015, Inc.*[[Pfizer Inc.]]*Precision Valve Corporation*[[Prince Foundation]]*Sheldon Rose*[[Texaco]]as prepared by CMD, Inc.*Texaco Foundation*Alex Cwith quoted text written by Bradley staff. Walker Foundation

In a 2006 profile '''2015: $200,000''' to support general operations and litigation. Emphasis of work will be on energy and the environment. CEI 's Center for Energy and the Environment is "working closely with Bradley supported conservative think tanks and the Bradley supported American Legislative Exchange Council (ALEC) on public education about energy and the environment." CEI's "work on energy and the environment in particular is helping to expose and cut back onerous federal regulations that choke economic growth and prosperity." CEI's litigation agenda "includes a reinvigorated challenge to Dodd Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act and other global warming skepticscases in areas ranging from government transparency to climate science." '''2014: $150, 000''Washington Post'' reporter Joel Achenbach noted to support general operations and litigation. The grant request notes that "the most generous sponsorssupport of general operations is " of with an emphasis on its work on energy and environment. This grant is separate and apart from that for CEI's litigation efforts… Among other things, (CEI's 2005 annual dinner were ") Center for Energy and Environment is also working closely with Bradley supported conservative state think tanks and the Bradley supported American Legislative Exchange Council on public education about the [[Alliance likely economic and other effects of Automobile Manufacturers]], [[Exxon Mobil]], the [[Pharmaceutical Research proposed XL pipeline and Manufacturers the repeal of America]]renewable energy standards in Kansas, Ohio and [[Pfizer]]North Carolina. Other contributors It aggressively used the Freedom of Information Act process to expose the collusion between officials of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency and green and global warming alarmist groups. As well, including their attempt to rely on the federal Endangered Species Act to stymie energy development." CEI's litigation program included [[General Motors]]challenges to Dodd Frank, the [[American Petroleum Institute]]CPA and the Affordable Care Act, which Bradley called "ambitiously creative." '''2013: $200, 000''' to support general operations and Dodd Frank Litigation. "In 2014 CEI will expand its reach in the [[American Plastics Council]]areas of energy, environment, labor and finance." CEI was working to "expose" President Obama's "war on coal" and efforts to build a carbon tax. CEI also focused on public sector collective bargaining and its Center for Advancing Capitalism advocates for economic policies "compatible" with "liberty, security and fairness…A moral case for capitalism will be promoted through the Center's narrative on the [[Chlorine Chemistry Council]] relationship between labor and finance." CEI filed a challenge to Dodd Frank in 2012 with the 60 Plus Association and [[Arch Coal]]State National Bank of Big Spring, Texas.CEI wants to expand its Strategic Litigation Program, currently (2013) it supports 6 businesses and individuals who have challenged the ACA's mandate and it uses FOIA's to " [http://wwwexpose" the EPA, and has other local and state court suits related to global warming.washingtonpostThe two year budget for the Dodd Frank litigation was $2.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2006/05/23/AR2006052301305_45 million, most of which spent on the retained outside counsel.html]

{{Bradley}}==Tobacco Industry Funding==A listing Competitive Enterprise Institute is not required to disclose its donors, but some of documents specifically about contributions its funding sources are known through the IRS filings of other organizations. CEI's known funders include:* Achelis and Bodman Foundation: $50,000 (2021)* [[Adolph Coors Foundation]]: $50,000 (2020)* American Fuel and Petrochemical Manufacturers: $170,000 (2015-2021)* American Gaming Association: $50,000 (2016-2017)* Armstrong Foundation: $160,500 (2015-2022)* [[Atlas Network]]: $5,000 (2020)* [[Bader Family Foundation]]: $517,700 (2015-2022)* Barbee Family Foundation: $15,000 (2020-2022)* Bartley J Madden Foundation: $120,000 (2016-2020)* Beach Foundation: $75,000 (2020-2022)* Beth and supoprt from tobacco companies to Ravenel Curry Foundation: $200,000 (2020-2022)* Biotechnology Innovation Organization: $10,000 (2014)* [[Bradley Impact Fund]]: $439,000 (2014-2022)* Charles F De Ganahl Family Foundation: $12,000 (2019-2022)* [[Charles Koch Foundation]]: $301,680 (2014-2021)* [[Charles Koch Institute]]: $93,020 (2014-2021)* Chase Foundation of Virginia: $1,950,000 (2014-2022)* Claws Foundation: $690,000 (2015-2020)* Consumer Technology Association: $15,000 (2016)* [[Diana Davis Spencer Foundation]]: $725,000 (2014-2020) * Distilled Spirits Council of the United States: $107,500 (2014-2021)* [[DonorsTrust]]: $8,487,550 (2014-2022)* [[Dunn Foundation]]: $750,000 (2016-2022)* [[Ed Uihlein Family Foundation]]: $15,000 (2022)* Elizabeth Ring Mather and William Gwinn Mather Fund: $20,000 (2019-2022)* ExxonMobil Corporate Giving: $490,000 (1998-2005)<ref name="exxonsecrets">ExxonSecrets, [https://web.archive.org/web/20210613175354/https://exxonsecrets.org/html/orgfactsheet.php?id%3D2 Factsheet: Competitive Enterprise Institute, CEI], GreenPeace, accessed April 18, 2024.</ref>* ExxonMobil Foundation: $1,515,000 (2000-2005)<ref name="exxonsecrets"/>* Fidelity Investments Charitable Gift Fund: $66,025 (2017-2018)* Freedom and Justice Foundation: $130,000 (2019-2022)* Holman Foundation: $240,000 (2014-2022)* J.P. Humphreys Foundation: $400,000 (2019-2022)* Jaquish & Kenninger Foundation: $150,000 (2017-2019)* John J Pohanka Family Foundation: $400,000 (2019-2022)* [[John Templeton Foundation]]: $15,000 (2017)* [[John William Pope Foundation]]: $245,000 (2019-2021)* Luddy Charitable Foundation: $15,000 (2017)* [[Lynde and Harry Bradley Foundation]]: $3,265,000 (2000-2021) * Morgan Stanley Global Impact Funding Trust: $17,500 (2016-2022)* Motion Picture Association: $130,000 (2015-2019)* [[mywireless.org]]: $15,000 (2022)* NCTA The Internet & Television Association: $103,984 (2014-2022) * National Association of Broadcasters: $130,000 (2014-2022)* National Automobile Dealers Association: $18,000 (2020-2022) * National Philanthropic Trust: $1,836,500 (2014-2021)* National Restaurant Association: $65,000 (2016-2017) * Network For Good: $307,698 (2015-2018)* North American Region of the Airports Council International: $7,500 (2019)* Offerdahl Family Foundation: $6,500 (2022)* Personal Care Products Council: $5,500 (2014)* Pharmaceutical Research and Manufacturers of America: $295,000 (2014-2022)* Roe Foundation: $20,000 (2020)* [[Sarah Scaife Foundation]]: $3,705,000 (2014-2022) * Sayers Foundation: $35,000 (2016-2022)* Schwab Charitable Fund: $145,250 (2014-2019)* [[Searle Freedom Trust]]: $4,565,000 (2014-2022)* Securities Industry and Financial Markets Association: $35,000 (2017-2018)* [[The 85 Fund]]: $250,000 (2020)* The Dabney Point Fund: $10,000 (2016)* The David Herro Charitable Foundation: $250,000 (2018-2020)* The Doherty Foundation: $5,000 (2022)* The Seattle Foundation: $30,500 (2018-2021)* The Steve & Lana Hardy Foundation: $175,000 (2016-2022)* Vanguard Charitable Endowment Program: $2,303,000 (2020-2021)* William H Donner Foundation: $43,948 (2020-2021)* Winston Salem Foundation: $300,000 (2020-2022)* Woodhouse Family Foundation:$58,500 (2014-2022)

--====Tobacco Industry Funding====A list of documents about contributions and support from tobacco companies to CEI:* 1991 - : $10,000 donation to CEI from Philip Morris (PM)<ref>Unknown, [https: //www.industrydocuments.ucsf.edu/docs/szjv0067 Unknown], Philip Morris, 1991.</ref>* 1993: Letter from [[Fred Smith]] of CEI to [[Thomas Borelli]] at PM thanking PM for support.<ref>Fred Smith, [http://legacy.library.ucsf.edu/tid/tgs57c00zkh36e00 Letter to Thomas Borelli, Director of Scientific Affairs, Philip Morris Management Corporation]], Competitive Enterprise Institute, February 9, 1993.</ref>* 1994: Letter from Fred Smith thanking the PM Director of Scientific Affairs for a $50,000 contribution made the previous year.<brref>Fred Smith, [https://www.industrydocuments.ucsf.edu/tobacco/docs/#id=htxk0114 Letter to Thomas Borelli, Director of Scientific Affairs, Philip Morris Management Corporation], Competitive Enterprise Institute, May 11, 1994.</ref> PM gives CEI a $25,000 grant.<ref>Thomas Borelli, [https://www.industrydocuments.ucsf.edu/tobacco/docs/#id=ztxk0114 Letter to Fred Smith], Philip Morris, July 27, 1994.</ref>* 1995: PM gives $200,000 grant to CEI for "general operating support"<ref>Jeanine Lai, [https://www.industrydocuments.ucsf.edu/tobacco/docs/#id=hnbj0061 1995 Commitments], Philip Morris, November 30, 1995.</ref>; PM gives an additional $10,000 to CEI.<ref>Unknown, [https://www.industrydocuments.ucsf.edu/tobacco/docs/#id=tgyb0083 SET SWOT Analysis], Philip Morris, October 1994.</ref>* 1997: PM gives $120,000 to CEI.<ref>Unknown, [https://www.industrydocuments.ucsf.edu/tobacco/docs/#id=tpyh0073 1997 Policy Payments for Slavit], Philip Morris, 1997.</ref>* 1998: PM paid CEI $25,000.<ref>Unknown, [https://www.industrydocuments.ucsf.edu/tobacco/docs/#id=xhdn0073 1998 Public Policy Contributions], Philip Morris, December 17, 1998.</ref> An activity report by Beverly McKittrick of PM states, "Worked on plan for mobilization of third--party conservative groups. Met with CSE, ATRA, Chamber of Commerce,Frontiers of Freedom, and Competitive Enterprise Institute."<ref> Beverly McKittrick, [http://legacy.library.ucsf.edu/tid/zeq75c00 Bullets - B. McKittrick], Philip Morris, 1998.</ref>* 1999: PM paid CEI $5,000.<ref>Unknown, [https://www.industrydocuments.ucsf.edu/tobacco/docs/#id=zznn0073 1999 Public Policy Contributions], Philip Morris, May 3, 1999.</ref> PM also budgeted $25,000 for CEI.<ref>Unknown, [https://www.industrydocuments.ucsf.edu/tobacco/docs/#id=yxdn0073 Public Policy Grants 1999 Proposed Budget], Philip Morris, 1999.</ref> An activity report of PM's Thomas Borelli states, "Secured policy group committee funding to support the Competitive Enterprise Institute dinner."<ref>Thomas Borelli, [https://www.industrydocuments.ucsf.edu/tobacco/docs/#id=kqwx0066 Weekly Activity Report for Issues Management - 3/29 - 4/1], Philip Morris, April 1, 1999.</ref>* Undated Brown & Williamson (BW) document listing pro-business organizations to which BW contributes, totaling $325,000. CEI is included on the list.<ref>Unknown, [https://www.industrydocuments.ucsf.edu/tobacco/docs/#id=pykh0137 Government Affairs], Brown & Williamson, undated.</ref>

--Feb. 9==Core Financials=='''<big>2022</big>'''<ref name="2022 990">Competitive Enterprise Institute, 1993 - letter from Fred Smith of CEI to Thomas Borelli at PM thanking PM for support:http[https://legacywww.librarydocumentcloud.ucsf.eduorg/tiddocuments/zkh36e00 24575329-competitive-enterprise-institute-2022-990 2022 IRS Form 990], organizational tax filing, February 29, 2024.<br/ref> * Total Revenue: $10,125,447* Total Expenses: $8,429,275* Net Assets: $5,608,562

--1995: PM gives $200,000 grant to CEI for '''<big>2021</big>'''<ref name="general operating support2021 990"http>Competitive Enterprise Institute, [https://legacy.librarywww.ucsfdocumentcloud.eduorg/tiddocuments/ypy36c00 24213622-competitive-enterprise-institute-2021-990 2021 IRS Form 990], organizational tax filing, April 7, 2023.<br/ref> * Total Revenue: $7,758,776* Total Expenses: $6,681,965* Net Assets: $3,547,608

--1995 : PM gives another $10'''<big>2020</big>'''<ref name="2020 990">Competitive Enterprise Institute,000 to CEI: http[https://legacywww.librarydocumentcloud.ucsf.eduorg/tiddocuments/glq18d0024213623-competitive-enterprise-institute-2020-990 2020 IRS Form 990], organizational tax filing, April 5, 2022.<br/ref> * Total Revenue: $6,735,306* Total Expenses: $6,582,265* Net Assets: $2,470,797

--1997: PM gives $120'''<big>2019</big>'''<ref name="2019 990">Competitive Enterprise Institute,000 to CEI http[https://legacywww.librarydocumentcloud.ucsf.eduorg/tiddocuments/qwi82c00 24213626-competitive-enterprise-institute-2019-990 2019 IRS Form 990], organizational tax filing, February 16, 2021.<br/ref> * Total Revenue: $7,118,816* Total Revenue: $6,805,470* Total Expenses: $6,170,171* Net Assets: $2,317,765

--1998 PM Public Policy Contributions list. Says PM paid CEI $25'''<big>2018</big>'''<ref name="2018 990">Competitive Enterprise Institute,000 via check no. 390006http[https://legacywww.librarydocumentcloud.ucsf.eduorg/tiddocuments/fwo83c00 24213627-competitive-enterprise-institute-2018-990 2018 IRS Form 990], organizational tax filing, August 12, 2020.<br/ref> * Total Revenue: $7,118,816* Total Expenses: $6,213,282* Net Assets: $1,682,457

'''<big>2017</big>'''<ref name="2017 990">Competitive Enterprise Institute, [https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/24213629-competitive-enterprise-(Noninstitute-financial item) 19982017-990 2017 IRS Form 990], organizational tax filing, July 9, 2019.</ref>* Total Revenue: $6,397,876* Total Expenses: Activity Report of Beverly McKittrick of PM states$6,797, 063"Worked on plan for mobilization of third--party conservative groups .* Net Assets: $776,923

Met with CSE'''<big>2016</big>'''<ref name="2016 990">Competitive Enterprise Institute,ATRA[https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/24575706-competitive-enterprise-institute-2016-990 2016 IRS Form 990],Chamber of Commerceorganizational tax filing,Frontiers of FreedomMarch 20,2018.</ref>* Total Revenue: $7,287,515* Total Expenses: $8,354,004* Net Assets: $1,176,126

and '''<big>2015</big>'''<ref name="2015 990">Competitive Enterprise Institute." http, [https://legacyprojects.librarypropublica.ucsforg/nonprofits/organizations/521351785/201731939349301363/IRS990f 2015 IRS Form 990], organizational tax filing, February 19, 2016, p.edu1.</tid/zeq75c00 ref><br> * Total Revenue: $7,703,763* Total Expenses: $7,811,133* Net Assets: $2,242,585

--1999 Public Policy Contributions (PM): $5'''<big>2013</big>'''<ref name="2013 990">Competitive Enterprise Institute,000 paid via check No. 20601 [http://legacywww.libraryguidestar.ucsforg/FinDocuments/2014/521/351/2014-521351785-0b810a62-9.edupdf 2013 IRS Form 990], organizational tax filing, April 30, 2015, p. 1.</tid/dzs83c00ref><br> * Total Revenue: $7,009,846* Total Expenses: $6,427,052* Net Assets: $2,262,204

'''<big>2012</big>'''<ref name="2012 990">Competitive Enterprise Institute, [http://www.guidestar.org/FinDocuments/2013/521/351/2013-521351785-0a6f9ccd-1999 Activity report of PM's Thomas Borelli states: 9.pdf 2012 IRS Form 990], organizational tax filing, May 15, 2014, p. 1.</ref><br> "Secured policy group committee funding to support the Competitive Enterprise* Total Revenue: $6,344,624* Total Expenses: $7,749,317* Net Assets: $1,679,306

Institute dinner'''<big>2011</big>'''<ref name="2012 990" http://legacy.library.ucsf.edu/tid/lut55c00 ><br> * Total Revenue: $6,354,832* Total Expenses: $5,385,796* Net Assets: $3,300,774

--Undated Brown & Williamson document listing pro-business organizations BW contributes to===Former Staff===* Hans Bader, Senior Attorney* Frank Bednarz, Attorney * Annie Dwyer, Vice President Of Communications * Myron Ebell, Director, Center For Energy And Environment * Ted Frank, Director Of Litigation And Senior Attorney, Director Of The Center For Class Action Fairness* Laurel Heiskell Macleod, Vice President Of Philanthropy* Melissa A. Holyoak, Senior Attorney* Christopher C. CEI is on the list:Horner, Senior Fellow* Jennifer Jones, Director Of Data Systems* Sam Kazman, General Counsel* Trey Kovacs, Policy Analyst * Angela Logomasini, Senior Fellow* Daniela Lozano, Manager, Foundation And Policy Grants* Michelle Minton, Senior Fellow* Ivan Osorio, Editorial Directorhttp://legacy* Daniel Press, Policy Analyst* Ryan Radia, Research Fellow and Regulatory Counsel* Adam Schulman, Attorney* Marc Scribner, Senior Fellow* Fred L.librarySmith, Jr.ucsf, Founder, Director Of Center For Advancing Capitalism* Robert J. Smith, Distinguished Fellow* Anna St.edu/tid/zkk33f00 (see top of page 5John, "Policy Organizations :Total $325Attorney* Andy Yuan,000")<br> Philanthropy Associate

--In 1999 PM budgeted $25===Board of Directors===As of April 2024:<ref name="staff">Competitive Enterprise Institute,000 for CEI:http[https://legacycei.library.ucsf.eduorg/about/tidteam/bxo83c00 Our Team], organizational website, accessed April 18, 2024.<br/ref>* Roger Ream* Sarah Atkins* Kristina Crane* Michael S. Greve* Kent Lassman* Dana Modzelewski* Geoffrey Pohanka* Fred L. Smith, Jr., Chairman Emeritus* Richard Tren* Todd Zywicki

===Senior Staff SalariesExperts===Salaries and benefits to its top employees for the year to September 30As of April 2024:<ref name="staff"/>* Daren Bakst* John Berlau* James Broughel* Clyde Wayne Crews* Dan Greenberg* Sean Higgins* Sam Kazman* Paige Lambermont* Kent Lassman* Marlo Lewis, 2004 were reported as follows:Jr.* Ben Lieberman* Jeremy Lott* David S. McFadden* Jessica Melugin* Richard Morrison* Iain Murray* Patricia Patnode* Brian A. Rankin* Alex Reinauer* Fred L. Smith, Jr.* Stone Washington* Devin Watkins* Kevin D. Williamson* Ryan Young* Joel Zinberg

*[[Fred Smith|Fred L. Smith]], president, $175,000==Contact Information==*[[Marlo Lewis]], Senior Fellow, $100,000'''Competitive Enterprise Institute'''<br>*[[Sam Kazman]]1310 L Street NW, general counsel, $98,0007th floor<br>*[[Jody M. Clarke]], Vice President, $85,000*[[Myron Ebell]], Director of Global Warming, $82,000*[[Martha Hutto]], Vice President, $80,000*[[Angela Logomasini]], Director of Risk & Environment, $67,000*[[Emily C. Duke]], Vice President, $65,000*[[Iain Murray]], Global Warming Policy, $65,000*[[Clyde Wayne Crews]], director, competition & regulatory policy, $54Washington,5000. [http://www.guidestar.org/FinDocuments/2004/521/351/2004-521351785-1-9.pdf] (Pdf)DC 20005<br>

== Case Studies ==*Website: [[Fuel efficiency standards and the laws of physics]]*[[Smoking as a civic duty]]*[[Competitive Enterprise Institutehttp://Competitive Enterprise Institute And Global Warming|The Competitive Enterprise Institute And Global Warming]www.cei.org wwww.cei.org] == Contact Information ==Competitive Enterprise Institute<br>1001 Connecticut Ave. NW, Suite 1250<br>Washington, DC 20036<br>

FaxEmail: (202) 331-0640info@cei.org<br>Facebook: [https://www.facebook.com/CompetitiveEnterpriseInstitute/ Competitive Enterprise Institute]<br>WebsiteLinkedIn: http[https://www.ceilinkedin.com/company/competitive-enterprise-institute/ Competitive Enterprise Institute]<br>Twitter: [https://twitter.orgcom/ceidotorg?ref_src=twsrc%5Egoogle%7Ctwcamp%5Eserp%7Ctwgr%5Eauthor @ceidotorg]<br>

==Articles and Resources and articles=====Related SourceWatch articlesIRS Form 990 Filings===<div class="docframe">'''<p>2022</p>'''<p>{{#widget:Iframe|url=https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/24575329-competitive-enterprise-institute-2022-990|width=350|height=250}}</p></div><div class="docframe">'''<p>2021</p>'''<p>{{#widget:Iframe|url=https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/24213622-competitive-enterprise-institute-2021-990|width=350|height=250}}</p></div><div class="docframe">'''<p>2020</p>'''<p>{{#widget:Iframe|url=https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/24213623-competitive-enterprise-institute-2020-990|width=350|height=250}}</p></div><div class="docframe">'''<p>2019</p>'''<p>{{#widget:Iframe|url=https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/24213626-competitive-enterprise-institute-2019-990|width=350|height=250}}</p></div><div class="docframe">'''<p>2018</p>'''<p>{{#widget:Iframe|url=https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/24213627-competitive-enterprise-institute-2018-990|width=350|height=250}}</p></div><div class="docframe">'''<p>2017</p>'''<p>{{#widget:Iframe|url=https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/24213629-competitive-enterprise-institute-2017-990|width=350|height=250}}</p>*[[</div><div class="An Inconvenient Truthdocframe"]]>'''<p>2016</p>'''<p>{{#widget:Iframe|url=https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/24575706-competitive-enterprise-institute-2016-990|width=350|height=250}}</p></div>

===Analysis of Internal CEI Global Warming AdsCorrespondence With Tobacco Companies===*Annenberg Political Fact CheckCompetitive Enterprise Institute, [http://legacy.library.ucsf.edu/tid/ewt22d00 "The Human Cost of Regulation, Reframing The Debate on Risk Management: A Proposal of The Competitive Enterprise Institute"], Competitive Enterprise Institute, 1994. * Fred Smith, [httphttps://www.factcheckindustrydocuments.ucsf.orgedu/article395tobacco/docs/#id=htxk0114 Letter to Thomas Borelli, Director of Scientific Affairs, Philip Morris Management Corporation], Competitive Enterprise Institute, May 11, 1994.html Scientist to * Competitive Enterprise Institute, [https://www.industrydocuments.ucsf.edu/tobacco/docs/#id=qnvh0124 CEI: You Used My Research To "Confuse Science Policy Clips and MisleadHighlights (January 1993 - April 1994)]," Competitive Enterprise Institute, May 2611, 20061994.*News BureauPhilip Morris, University [https://www.industrydocuments.ucsf.edu/tobacco/docs/#id=fzxk0114 Invoice and Copy of Missouri-ColumbiaCheque to Competitive Enterprise Institute], Philip Morris, July 20, 1994.* Thomas Borelli, "[httphttps://munewswww.missouriindustrydocuments.ucsf.edu/NewsBureauSingleNewstobacco/docs/#id=ztxk0114 Letter to Fred Smith], Philip Morris, July 27, 1994.cfm?newsid*Fred Smith, [https://www.industrydocuments.ucsf.edu/tobacco/docs/#id=9842 MU Professor Refutes National Television Ads Downplaying Global Warming: Engineering Professor Curt Davis says TV Spots are Misrepresenting His Researchzhvf0094 Letter to Ms. Maura Payne, RJ Reynolds Tobacco Company]," May 19Competitive Enterprise Institute, October 16, 20062000.

===Internal CEI Correspondence With Tobacco CompaniesRelated SourceWatch Articles===*Competitive Enterprise Institute, "[http://legacy.library.ucsf.edu/tid/ewt22d00 The Human Cost [Fuel efficiency standards and the laws of Regulation: Reframing The Debate on Risk Management: A Proposal of The Competitive Enterprise Institutephysics]]", Bates Number: 2047099454/9464, 1994. *F.L. Smith Jr, "[http://legacy.library.ucsf.edu/tid/clh36e00 Letter to Dr Thomas J. Borelli, Director of Scientific Affairs, Philip Morris Management Corporation[Smoking as a civic duty]", Bates Number: 2046558291/8294, May 11, 1994.*"[http://legacy.library.ucsf.edu/tid/oot72e00 CEI Science Policy: Clips and Highlights: January 1993 - April 1994]", Bates Number: 2046558295/8296, May 11, 1994. (Pdf)*F.L. Smith Jr, "[http://legacy.library.ucsf.edu/cgi/getdoc?tid=jot72e00&fmt=pdf&ref=results Competitive Enterprise Institute]", Bates Number: 2046558088/8099, March 1994.*Philip Morris, "[http://legacy.library.ucsf.edu/tid/qlh36e00 Invoice and Copy of Cheque to The Competitive Enterprise InstituteAnd Global Warming]", Bates Number: 2046557956, July 20, 1994. (Pdf)*T.J.Borelli, "[http://legacy.library.ucsf.edu/tid/plh36e00 Letter to Fred Smith]", July 27, 1994. (Pdf)*Fred L. Smith, Jr., "[http://legacy.library.ucsf.edu/tid/yzj60d00 Letter to Ms. [[Maura Payne]], RJ Reynolds Tobacco Company]", Bates Number: 525291068/1069, October 16, 2000. (Pdf)

===General external articlesRelated Articles===*Jeff Jacoby "Feds slow to wake up to alcohol's healthful effects"David Armiak, Op-Ed, ''Boston Globe'', January 9, 1996. (Jacoby was a staff reporter).*[httphttps://www.ewgexposedbycmd.org/pub2023/home11/clear17/by_clear/ShowMe.html "Show Me the Science."] The [[Clearinghouse for Environmental Education, Advocacy and Research]] (CLEAR) takes a look at a [http:donorstrust-funneled-134-million-to-right-wing-groups-in-2022//www.nationalcenter.org/ScientistDirectory directory of "environmental experts"] supplied by the CEI and other conservative think tanks. "Despite the claim that the directory is intended DonorsTrust Funneled $134 Million to provide a listing of scientists and economists to counter the prevalence of environmentalist political activists posing as selfRight-appointed experts, over half of the people listed Wing Groups in the directory are described not as 'scientists' or 'economists2022],' but as 'public policy experts," CLEAR observes. Moreover, "their field of ExposedbyCMD'experts' is so thin that most of them need to 'specialize' in numerous policy fields in order to cover their bases." For example, CEI's [[Ike Sugg]] (whose academic credentials consist in their entirety of a bachelor's degree in philosophy and political science) "is listed as an expert in 5 different fields including animal rights, endangered species, innovative environmental solutions, land issuesNovember 17, and wilderness issues2023."*Michael DolnyJuliana Broad, "[httphttps://www.fairexposedbycmd.org/extra2023/960509/tank.html "The Think Tank Spectrum."], ''FAIR21/Extra'', May/June 1996. (This report studied the influence of think tanks on the media by doing a Nexis database search of major newspapers and radio and TV transcripts for 1995. It found a strong bias in favor of conservative think tanks like CEI, which were cited 7,792 times in news stories, compared to 6,361 citations for centrist think tanks, and only 1,152 for progressive think tanks.)*Barbara Ruben, "Getting the Wrong Ideas: Conservative Think Tanks," ''Environmental Action Magazine'', Vol. 27, no. 1, March 22, 1995, p. 21. This article provides an excellent overview of the funding, ideology and strategies of CEI and several other leading conservating think tanks in the United States.*Timothy Noah and Laurie McGinley, "Tobacco Industry's Figures on Political Spending Don't Reflect Gifts to Think Tanks, Other Groups," ''Wall Street Journal'', March 25, 1996.*John Canhamwhos-bankrolling-Clyne, "Following the Money," ''Public Citizen newsletter'', Fall 1996.*David Helvarg, "[http://www.mindfully.org/Pesticide/Our-Stolenshutdown-Future-Defense.htm Poison Pens:When science fails, try public relations: the chemical industryshowdown/ Who's attempt to discredit Our Stolen FutureBankrolling the Shutdown Showdown?]", ''SierraExposedbyCMD'', Volume 82September 21, Number 1 January/February 1997.*David Callahan, "The Think Tank as Flack," ''Washington Monthly'', Vol. 31, No. 11, November 1, 1999, p. 21. Historical overview and analysis of the rise of corporate-funded think tanks as PR vehicles for corporate interests2023.*John StauberConnor Gibson, "[httphttps://www.prwatchexposedbycmd.org/prwissues2022/2000Q212/fearnotfacts.html Facts Not Fear Wants 19/charles-kochs-campaign-to Make the World Safe for Styrofoam"]", ''PR Watch'', Volume 7 No. 2, 2nd Quarter 2000.(This is a review of ''Facts Not Fear'', a book trashing environmental education by CEI's [[Michael Sanera]]).*INFACT, "Pulling Out All the Stops: Philip Morris' Fight to Block Regulation of Tobacco," March 21, 2000. This report shows how the tobacco industry coordinated lobbying, lawsuits and advertising with media attacks on the Food and Drug Administration by the CEI and other tobacco-funded front groups.*Lisa DePasquale, [http://www.townhall.com/blogs/cmake-dark-money-even-log/LisaDePasquale/story/2006/05darker/16/197610.html "CEI to Launch Ads Exposing Truth about GoreCharles Koch's MovieCampaign to Make Dark Money Even Darker],"] ''[[Townhall.com]]ExposedbyCMD'', May 16December 19, 20062022.*Competitive Enterprise InstituteDavid Armiak, "[httphttps://releases.usnewswire.com/GetRelease.asp?id=65973 "CEI Launches Ad Campaign to Counter Global Warming Alarmism; Television Ads to Air in 14 U.S. Cities and on www.ceiexposedbycmd.org,"], News Release, May 17, 2006. (Thus is a news release carried by US Newswire).*Faiz Shakir, [http:/2022/thinkprogress.org11/200618/05/17/attackdark-money-atm-injected-right-wing-groups-with-123-million-onin-gore2021/ "Big Oil Launches Attack On Al Gore,Dark Money ATM"Injected Right-Wing Groups with $123 Million in 2021] , ''Think ProgressExposedbyCMD'', May 17November 18, 20062022. *Josh MarshallAlex Kotch, [httphttps://www.talkingpointsmemo.com/archives/008489.php "Big oil astroturf group, Competitive Enterprise Institute, launches new attack on Al Gore,"] ''Talking Points Memo'', May 17, 2006.*Judd Legum, [http://thinkprogressexposedbycmd.org/20062022/0503/1721/globalthe-warmingdirty-looksdozen-good/ "CEI Founder on Global Warming: 'It Looks Pretty Good… We’re Moving To A More Benign Planet',"] ''Think Progress'', May 17, 2006.*Eric Pfeiffer, [http://washingtontimes.com/national/20060517the-biggest-nonprofit-funders-113852of-3521r.htm "Ads aired to answer Gore film 'alarmism',"] ''Washington Times'', May 18, 2006.*Joel Achenbach, "[http://www.washingtonpost.com/wpclimate-dyn/content/article/2006/05/23denial/AR2006052301305.html The TempestDirty Dozen:The Biggest Nonprofit Funders of Climate Denial] As evidence mounts that humans are causing dangerous changes in Earth's climate, a handful of skeptics are providing some serious blowback", ''The Washington Post MagazineExposedbyCMD'', May 28March 21, 20062022.*Media MouseAlex Kotch, ''[httphttps://www.mediamouseexposedbycmd.org/features2020/020807grand.php Grand Rapids Think-Tank Brings ExxonMobil Funded Global Warming Skeptic to Town],'' Mediamouse.org, February 8, 2007.*Media Mouse, ''[http:03/23/www.mediamouse.org/features/021707acton.php Grand Rapids Acton Speaker: Corporations should not do anything other than Generate Wealth],'' Mediamouse.org, February 17, 2007.*Matt Corley, [http://thinkprogress.org/2007/07/07/liveidentity-scrubbing-charities-bankroll-heartlands-earthclimate-reportdenial/ "Right Wing Launches Dishonest“Identity-Scrubbing” Charities Bankroll Heartland’s Climate Denial], Misinformed Attacks Against Live Earth,"] ''Think ProgressExposedbyCMD'', July 7March 23, 20072020.

==References==<references/>[[Category:Think tanks]][[categoryCategory:front Front groups]][[Category:United States]][[Category:Tobacco fronts]][[Category:Tobacco documents organizations]][[Category:Co-sponsor of the Heartland Institute's International Conference on Climate Change (2009)]][[Category:Koch Connection]][[Category:SPN Exposed]][[Category:Malaria]]