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Institute for Justice

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Founded in 1991 by [[Chip Mellor]] and [[Clint Bolick]], the '''The <b>Institute for Justice''' </b> (IJ) is a US [[libertarian]] public interest law firm. registered as a [[John Blundell501(c)(3)]] non-profit that was also a founder directorfounded in 1991.<refname="about">The LSE Hayek SocietyInstitute for Justice, [httphttps://web.archiveij.org/webabout-us/20050205005452About Us], Institute for Justice, Accessed November 17, 2023.</httpref> IJ’s major issue areas include what they refer to as economic liberty, educational choice, private property, first amendment rights, and immunity and accountability. IJ “advocates on behalf of property owners, entrepreneurs and others whose homes, livelihoods and freedom of speech are threatened by pointless, overreaching and unnecessary government regulation,” according to its [[State Policy Network]] membership profile.<ref name=spn>State Policy Network, [https://wwwspn.lse.ac.ukorg/clubsdirectory/hayek#VA Virginia Member Directory], ''State Policy Network'', Accessed November 17, 2023.</capitalismref> IJ states that it wins “nearly three out of every four cases we file despite the challenges inherent in litigating against the government.htm ”<ref name="Capitalismabout"]/> As of November 2023, The LSE Hayek SocietyIJ claims to have litigated more than 300 cases, archived from January 2003including 10 before the U.S. (Scroll down Supreme Court since its founding in 1991, and to see the section on John Blundell)have 99 active cases across 36 states and Washington, DC.<ref name="about"/><ref>Institute for Justice, [https://ij.org/about-us/ijs-first-30-years/ IJ’s First 30 Years], Institute for Justice, Accessed November 17, 2023.</ref>
"In pursuit As of its goal of a radical laissez-faire capitalism2023, the Institute IJ has initiated a number of lawsuits aimed at ending government regulation of businessover 150 staff members across five offices. While the lawsuits generally involve small businesses, often in communities of color, the goal is to set a legal precedent <ref name=staff>Institute for the deregulation of big business in general. Utilizing both litigation and public advocacyJustice, the Institute has also played a critical role in the groundbreaking school voucher programs in Milwaukee and Cleveland."[http://mywww.execpcij.comorg/~ajrcabout-us/ifjstaff Staff], Institute for Justice, accessed November 16, 2023.html]</ref> IJ engages in litigation, activism, legislation, and research. IJ has four projects underway:
The *<b>Project on Immunity and Accountability</b>, which attacks doctrines which “shield government workers from accountability.”<ref>Institute offered two amicus briefs in the ''for Justice, [https://ij.org/issues/project-on-immunity-and-accountability/ Project on Immunity and Accountability], Institute for Justice, Accessed November 17, 2023.</ref>*<b>End Forfeiture Initiative</b>, which seeks to abolish civil forfeiture.<ref>Institute for Justice, [Citizens United|Citizens United vshttps://ij. Federal Election Commissionorg/issues/private-property/civil-forfeiture/ Civil Forfeiture], Institute for Justice, Accessed November 17, 2023.</ref>*<b>Project on the Fourth Amendment</b>, which works to “eliminate loopholes that let the government investigate us and our property without having to get a warrant.”<ref>Institute for Justice, [https://ij.org/issues/ijs-project-on-the-4th-amendment/ Project on the 4th Amendment]'' case , Institute for Justice, Accessed November 17, 2023.</ref>*<b>Food Freedom Initiative</b>, which seeks to curtail food-related regulations, including “restrictions that prevent people from making food for sale in favor of Citizens Unitedtheir home kitchens.”<ref>Institute for Justice, [https://ij.org/issues/economic-liberty/homemade-food/ Homemade Food], Institute for Justice, Accessed November 17, 2023.</ref>
However, aside from providing legal assistance The progressive advocacy organization People for the American Way (PFAW) has described IJ as one of the litigation groups that has “eagerly sought out potential court challenges in lower-income urban communities” and has loudly claimed “the mantle of supporters of education for the disadvantaged.” PFAW went on to businessesdescribe how, “in the past, Clint Bolick's Institute has occasionally given help to individuals against government oppressionfor Justice was better known for his vehement animosity towards virtually every proposed civil rights bill. He even opposed those bills supported by Presidents Nixon and Bush. One For example was in , he branded the Supreme Court case ''Gonzales v. Raich1991 Civil Rights Act as a 'quota'bill, even after it was supported by President Bush and 90 percent of the Institute issued an ''amicus curiae'' brief on behalf of a medical marijuana patientCongress.”<ref name="metro times">Curt Guyette, "[httphttps://www.marijuanametrotimes.orgcom/bloomberg11news/you-dont-know-29dick-042185621 You don’t know Dick]," ''Metro Times'', October 4, 2006. Accessed November 17, 2023.htm] </ref>
In a addition to litigationIJ was cofounded by [[William H. Mellor|William "Chip" Mellor]], "previously president of the [[State Policy Network]]-member [[Pacific Research Institute for Public Policy]]<ref>Institute for Justice, [takes its caseshttp://ij.org/wmellor-2 William H. Mellor] to , biographical page, accessed June 25, 2014.</ref> and 2012 recipient of the court of public opinion with a blitz of editorials conservative [[Lynde and opHarry Bradley Foundation]]'s Bradley Prize.<ref>Bradley Prizes, [http://bradleyprizes.org/recipients/william-h.-eds mellor William H. Mellor], biographical page, accessed June 25, 2014.</ref> IJ's other co-founder, [[Clint Bolick]], joined the [[Goldwater Institute]] in leading local and national newspapers2007.<ref>Goldwater Institute, [http://goldwaterinstitute.org/clint-bolick Clint Bolick], organizational biography, accessed June 25, 2014.</ref> [[John Blundell]] was also a founding director."<ref>LSE Hayek Society, [http://wwwweb.ijarchive.org/publicationsweb/liberty20050205005452/1997http:/l_9_97_e/www.lse.ac.uk/clubs/hayek/capitalism.htmlhtm Capitalism], organizational website, archived from January 2003. (Scroll down to see the section on John Blundell).</ref>
One IJ is currently a “partner” member of the target State Policy Network.<ref name=spn/> In addition to its five state offices, IJ also maintains a student law clinic at the University of Chicago Law School, called the Clinic on Entrepreneurship, which provides free legal assistance to low-income entrepreneurs.<ref>Institute is for Justice, [[campaign finance reformhttps://ij.org/about-us/state-offices/ IJ’s State Offices]]. The Arizona chapter has filed a lawsuit challenging the "Clean Elections Act", Institute for Justice, Accessed November 17, 2023.</ref>
__TOC__{{Template:KochConnection}} ==Ties to the Koch Brothers== According to a statement on IJ's website, "Charles Koch provided the initial seed funding that made it possible to launch the Institute in 1991. David Koch has been a generous benefactor each year of IJ’s first decade."<ref>Institute for Justice, [http://www.ij.org/charles-a-david-koch-2 IJ Thanks Its Cornerstone Supporters], organizational website, accessed June 25, 2014.</ref> Since its founding, IJ has received donations from a number of groups with links to the [[Koch brothers]], including a donation of $15,000 from the [[Charles G. Koch Foundation]] in 2001 and two donations of $250,000 each from the [[David H. Koch Foundation]] in 1999 and 2001. IJ also received $716,800 from [[DonorsTrust]] and the [[Donors Capital Fund]] between 2010 and 2012. Other organizations with links to the Kochs have worked on cases with IJ, including the [[Cato Institute]] and the [[Goldwater Institute]]. ==Ties to the American Legislative Exchange Council (ALEC)== As of IJ’s most recent IRS tax filing (2022), it is currently a dues-paying member of ALEC. According to tax filings, the Institute for Justice has been a dues-paying member of ALEC since at least 2018. In 2011, Institute for Justice Executive Director Lee McGrath introduced the "Asset Forfeiture Process and Private Property Protection Act" to the [[Public Safety and Elections Task Force]] meeting at the 2011 Annual Meeting of the [[American Legislative Exchange Council]] (ALEC) in New Orleans.<ref name="PSEMeetingAgenda">American Legislative Exchange Council, "Public Safety and Elections Task Force Meeting," agenda and meeting materials, August 4, 2011, on file with CMD</ref> {{about_ALEC}}==History== Jane Mayer in her book ''Dark Money'' describes how the Institute for Justice began,:"By 1990, enterprising conservative and libertarian activists were wearing a path to Wichita, where they, like (Rich) Fink before them, would pitch their proposals to Charles Koch in hopes of patronage. Typical was the experience in 1991 of two former Reagon administrations lawyers, Clint Bolick, a former aide to Clarence Thomas, and William "Chip" Mellor III, in search of seed money for a new kind of aggressive, right-wing public interest law firm that would litigate against government regulations in favor of "economic liberty." Mellor recalled thinking, "Who else would give us enough money to be serious?" According to Mellor, after lower-level aides initially turned down the proposal, Charles Koch himself committed $1.5 million on the spot, but with strings attached, keeping him in control. As Mellor recalled, "He said, 'Here's what I'm going to do. I'll give you up to $500,000 a year for three years, each year, but you have to come back each year and demonstrate that you've met these milestones that you've set out to accomplish and I will evaluate it on a yearly basis, and there's no guarantees.'" The legal group, the Institute for Justice, went on to bring numerous successful cases against government regulations, including campaign-finance laws, several of which reached the Supreme Court."<ref>Jane Mayer, ''Dark Money: The Hidden History of the Billionaires Behind the Rise of the Radical Right'' (New York: Doubleday, 2016).</ref> ==Activities== IJ's website notes that in addition to litigation, it "has a legislative team working to make changes at the local and state government levels." IJ provides model legislation on its website in areas such as eminent domain, business regulation, and criminal forfeiture.<ref>Institute for Justice, [http://ij.org/cases/legislation Legislation], organizational website, accessed June 25, 2014.</ref> The Milwaukee-based "A Job is a Right Campaign" wrote, "In pursuit of its goal of a radical laissez-faire capitalism, the Institute operates has initiated a number of lawsuits aimed at ending government regulation of business. While the lawsuits generally involve small businesses, often in communities of color, the goal is to set a legal precedent for the deregulation of big business in general."<ref name="metro times"/> {{Template:AntiEnvironmentalArchives}} ==Supreme Court Cases== Below are cases in which the Institute for Justice was involved that reached the U.S. Supreme Court. ===Timbs v. Indiana (2021)=== In this case, the Supreme Court unanimously ruled that states cannot impose excessive fines. Other groups which filed friend-of-the-court briefs in this case include the [[Cato Institute]], American Civil Liberties Union, Southern Poverty Law Center, NAACP, Constitutional Accountability Center, and [[Pacific Legal Foundation]]. ===Carson v. Makin (2018)=== This case dealt with school choice, also known as the push to favor charter schools over public schools. In this case, the Institute for Justice and the First Liberty Institute (FLI) “filed a legal challenge to Maine’s exclusion of religious options from the state’s school choice program.”<ref>Institute for Justice, [https://ij.org/case/maine-school-choice-3/ Carson v. Makin], Institute for Justice, Accessed November 17, 2023.</ref> Maine law prohibited some towns from paying tuition on behalf of families who chose to send their children to religious schools. The Supreme Court ruled that “school choice programs must be neutral regarding religion.”<ref>Institute for Justice, [https://ij.org/case/maine-school-choice-3/ Carson v. Makin], Institute for Justice, Accessed November 17, 2023.</ref>  ===Susan B. Anthony List v. Driehaus (2014)=== On February 28, 2014, IJ filed an [http://www.americanbar.org/content/dam/aba/publications/supreme_court_preview/briefs-v3/13-193_pet_amcu_ifj-etal.authcheckdam.pdf amicus brief] with the [[Reason Foundation]] in the case ''[[Susan B. Anthony List]] et al. v. Steven Driehaus, et al.'',<ref>SCOTUSblog, [http://www.scotusblog.com/case-files/cases/susan-b-anthony-list-v-driehaus/ Susan B. Anthony List v. Driehaus], case page, accessed June 25, 2014.</ref> which dealt with an Ohio law that "makes it a criminal offense to make knowingly or reckless false statements about a candidate," according to ''Reuters''.<ref name="hurley">Lawrence Hurley, "[http://www.reuters.com/article/2014/06/16/us-usa-court-election-idUSKBN0ER1N920140616 U.S. justices revive challenge to Ohio election law on false statements]," ''Reuters'', June 16, 2014. Accessed June 25, 2014.</ref> Responding to the U.S. Supreme Court's decision in January 2014 to hear the case, Paul Sherman, an attorney for IJ, told the ''Columbus Dispatch'', "I think this is further evidence that the court sees serious problems with state laws that regulate electoral speech [...] They have recently shown a lot of hostility to these kinds of laws, and with very good reason."<ref>Jack Torry, "[http://www.dispatch.com/content/stories/local/2014/01/11/justices-to-weigh-ohio-campaign-speech-law.html Justices to weigh Ohio campaign-speech law]," ''Columbus Dispatch'', January 11, 2014. Accessed June 25, 2014.</ref> The Supreme Court unanimously reversed the judgement of two additional projectslower courts and remanded the case to the lower courts, in favor of the Susan B. Anthony List, on June 16, 2014.<ref>U.S. Supreme Court, [http: //www.scotusblog.com/case-files/cases/susan-b-anthony-list-v-driehaus/ Susan B. Anthony List v. Driehaus], ''SCOTUSblog'', accessed August 2014.</ref> ===Arizona Free Enterprise Club Freedom Club PAC v. Bennett (2011)=== IJ represented several challengers of the Arizona Citizens Clean Elections Act of 1998, which provided for public financing of candidates who "agreed to limit their personal spending to $500, participate in at least one debate and return unspent money," according to the ''New York Times''.<ref name="az law">Adam Liptak, "[http://www.castlecoalitionnytimes.orgcom/2011/06/28/us/politics/ Castle Coalition28campaign.html?_r=0 Justices Strike Down Arizona Campaign Finance Law], described " ''New York Times'', June 27, 2011. Accessed June 25, 2014.</ref> The case resulted in the U.S. Supreme Court striking down the Arizona law in a 5-4 vote, with the majority arguing that "the law violated the First Amendment rights of candidates who raise private money. Such candidates, the majority said, may be reluctant to spend money to speak if they know that it will give rise to counterspeech paid for by the government."<ref name="az law"/> ===Winn v. Garriott (2010)=== ''Winn v. Garriott'' (also known as ''Arizona Christian School Tuition Organization v. Winn'') had challenged "an Arizona tax credit which provides tax credits for contributions to tuition organizations, which then use the contributions to provide scholarships for, among others, religious schools."<ref>SCOTUSblog, [http://www.scotusblog.com/case-files/cases/arizona-christian-school-tuition-organization-v-winn-garriott-v-winn/ Arizona Christian School Tuition Organization v. Winn], case file, accessed June 25, 2014.</ref>  In a 2011 decision, the US Supreme Court let the program stand, arguing that those challenging the law did not have standing to do so. The ''New York Times'' suggested that, "by closing the courthouse door to some kinds of suits that claim violations of the First Amendment’s ban on government establishment of religion, the court’s ruling in the case may be quite consequential."<ref>Adam Liptak, "nationwide grassroots [http://www.nytimes.com/2011/04/05/us/05scotus.html Supreme Court Allows Tax Credit for Religious Tuition]," ''New York Times'', April 4, 2011. Accessed June 25, 2014.</ref> ===Kelo v. City of New London (2005)=== As described by the ''Washington Post'', the Supreme Court in ''Kelo v. City of New London'' ruled "that local governments may force property owners to sell out and make way for private economic development when officials decide it would benefit the public, even if the property rights activism is not blighted and the new project's success is not guaranteed."<ref name="kelo">Charles Lane, " aimed [http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2005/06/23/AR2005062300783.html Justices Affirm Property Seizures]," ''Washington Post'', June 24, 2005. Accessed June 25, 2014.</ref> IJ represented the property owners in the case; IJ also helped produce a film about the case in 2014, "Little Pink House."<ref>Ilya Somin, "[http://www.washingtonpost.com/news/volokh-conspiracy/wp/2014/06/23/a-forthcoming-documentary-on-kelo-v-city-of-new-london/ A forthcoming film about Kelo v. City of New London]," '''Washington Post'', June 23, 2014. Accessed June 25, 2014.</ref> ===Swedenburg v. Kelly (2005)=== IJ's website states that it represented Virginia vintner Juanita Swedenburg, California vintner David Lucas, and "wine consumers" in a 2000 federal lawsuit "challenging the ban on direct interstate wine shipments in New York." According to IJ, the case dealt with "Internet commerce, free trade among the states, and regulations that hamper small businesses and the consumers they seek to serve."<ref>Institute for Justice, [http://ij.org/swedenburg-v-kelly Swedenburg v. Kelly], case description, accessed June 25, 2014.</ref> The case was consolidated with a similar case, ''Granholm v. Heald'', by the Supreme Court, which held that both Michigan and New York bans on direct interstate wine sales did violate the Commerce Clause.<ref>Justice Anthony Kennedy, [http://scholar.google.com/scholar_case?case=13655407080576035263&hl=en&as_sdt=6&as_vis=1&oi=scholarr Granholm, Governor of Michigan, et al. v. Heald et al.], Supreme Court opinion, May 16, 2005. Accessed June 25, 2014.</ref> ===Zelman v. Simmons-Harris (2002)=== As described by the Berkley Center at fighting eminent domainGeorgetown University, in the case ''Zellman v. Simmons-Harris'', "the Supreme Court upheld an Ohio law that provided tuition assistance to low-income students living in Cincinnati who chose to attend private schools, and academic support for students whose parents chose to keep them in public schools, " and held that the law did not violate the Establishment Clause even if tuition aid was used for a religious school.<ref>Berkley Center for Religion, Peace, & World Affairs, Georgetown University, [http://makenolawberkleycenter.georgetown.orgedu/resources/cases/ Congress Shall Make No Lawzelman-v-simmons-harris?q= Zelman v. Simmons-Harris], case summary, accessed June 25, 2014.</ref> In a statement on its website, IJ describes the court's ruling in the case as having "free speech blogremoved the federal Constitution from the legal arsenal of teachers' unions and other school choice opponents and opened the door to full vindication of Brown's promise of equal educational opportunity for all."<ref>Institute for Justice, [http://ij.org/zelman-v-simmons-harris Zelman v. Simmons-Harris], case description, accessed June 25, 2014.</ref> IJ joined a brief filed by the [[Cato Institute]], along with the [[Goldwater Institute]] and the [[Friedman Foundation for Educational Choice]].<ref>Erik S. Jaffe, Cato Institute, [http://www.cato.org/publications/legal-briefs/zelman-v-simmonsharris Zelman v. Simmons-Harris], legal brief, June 1, 2001. Accessed June 25, 2014.</ref>
==Funding==
The initial funding Institute for Justice is not required to disclose its funders, but major foundation supporters can be found by searching IRS filings. However, between 1998 and 2022, the following entities made charitable contributions to IJ:  *Adolph Coors Foundation: $900,000 (2011-2021)*America Online Giving Foundation: $335,923 (2020-2021)*Andrew Foundation: $100,000 (2020)*Atlas Economic Research Foundation: $20,000 (2015-2022)*[[Bader Family Foundation]]: $50,000 (2018-2020)*Beth and Ravenal Curry Foundation: $250,000 (2020-2022)*[[Bradley Foundation]]: $4,290,000 (1998-2021)*[[Bradley Impact Fund]]: $89,500 (2013-2021)*Castleman Family Foundation: $900,745 (2014-2020)*Center For Independent Thought: $5,000 (2017)*[[Center Of The American Experiment]]: $200,000 (2019-2021)*[[Charles Koch Institute came from and Foundation]]: $77,509 (2014-2019)*Chase Foundation of Virginia: $210,000 (2014-2019)*[[Claws Foundation]]: $6,000,000 (2015-2020)*Community Foundation of the Verdugos: $55,000 (2020-2021)*Craft Foundation: $50,000 (2018-2021)*Daniels Fund: $100,000 (2020)*David Family Foundation: $510,000 (2016-2021)*[[Diana Davis Spencer Foundation]]: $10,550,000 (2014-2021)*[[Dick And Betsy Devos Family Foundation]]: $20,000 (2020-2021)*Diehl Family Foundation: $142,941 (2014-2016)*[[Donors Capital Fund]]: $1,522,500 (2010-2020)*[[Donors Trust]]: $6,304,305 (2010-2021)*Dunn Foundation: $3,867,000 (2016-2022)*E L Craig Foundation: $450,000 (2019-2021)*[[Ed Uihlein Family Foundation]]: $137,500 (2014-2021)*Encounter For Culture and Education: $25,000 (2016-2018)*Ewing Marion Kauffman Foundation: $122,040 (2015)*[[Fidelity Investments Charitable Gift Fund]]: $14,125,829 (2016-2021)*Fifth Age of Man: $65,000 (2018-2020)*Frederick O J Muzi Foundation: $170,000 (2013-2021)*Freedom and Justice Foundation: $105,000 (2020-2022)*Galashiels Fund Ltd: $6,850,000 (2015-2021)*Gerald John Kaufman Jr Foundation: $60,000 (2017-2020)*Gleason Family Foundation: $2,800,000 (2016-2021)*Goyanes Family Foundation: $260,000 (2020-2022)*Hendry Family Foundation: $75,000 (2015-2016)*Hilibrand Foundation: $250,000 (2014-2021)*James Foundation: $160,000 (2013-2021)*Jaquelin Hume Foundation: $1,325,000 (1999-2010)*Jesus Fund Foundation: $30,000 (2016-2018)*JM Foundation: $25,000 (2012)*John Brown Cook Foundation: $1,350,000 (2019-2021)*[[John William Pope Foundation]]: $1,590,000 (1994-2021)*Kauai Energy Institute: $50,000 (2020-2021)*[[Koch Family Foundations]](and David H. Koch): $337,415 (2001-2020)*Kovner Foundation: $1,333,333 (2018-2021)*Lampert Foundation: $950,000 (2014-2019)*Lowndes Foundation: $45,000 (2010-2012)*[[Lynde And Harry Bradley Foundation Inc]]: $360,000 (2020-2021)*Maffucci Family Foundation Inc: $222,000 (2014-2022)*Mario Family Foundation: $600,000 (2014-2021)*Martino Family Foundation: $250,000 (2019)*Morgan Stanley Global Impact Funding Trust Inc: $245,000 (2020-2021)*[[National Christian Charitable Foundation Inc.]]: $2,332,200 (2014-2021)*[[National Philanthropic Trust]]: $719,508 (2014-2021)*Negaunee Foundation: $50,000 (2012-2013)*Neo Philanthropy: $130,000 (2016)*Opportunity Foundation: $1,155,000 (2014-2021)*Patrick Byrne Foundation: $50,000 (2014)*[[Philanthropy Roundtable]]: $50,000 (2016)*Poitras Charitable Foundation Inc: $20,000 (2020)*[[Randolph Foundation]]: $350,000 (2007-2009)*Reams Foundation: $690,000 (2014-2021)*[[Rodney Fund]]: $375,000 (2020-2022)*[[Roe Foundation]]: $70, which also fund the libertarian 000 (2013-2020)*[[Sarah Scaife Foundation]]: $2,010,000 (2012-2021)*[[Schwab Charitable Fund]]: $1,350,352 (2014-2021)*[[Searle Freedom Trust]]: $4,450,000 (2006-2021)*Seaver R Carlton Ttee: $20,000 (2015)*Selz Foundation: $320,000 (2020)*Shelby Collum Davis Foundation: $220,000 (1998-2007)*Snider Foundation: $2,095,000 (2015-2020)*[[Cato InstituteStand Together Fellowships]] : $60,244 (2015-2019)*Steve & Lana Hardy Foundation: $25,000 (2022)*Strongpoint Foundation: $60,000 (2020-2021)*Susquehanna Foundation: $3,000,000 (2017-2022)*The Ondulado Fund: $1,698,464 (2017-2021)*Thomas W. Smith Foundation: $1,600,000 (2017-2021)*Townsend Family Foundation Ltd: $145,000 (2015-2022)*Trammell and Margaret Crow Foundation: $225,000 (2018-2021)*Tws Foundation c/o Thomas W. Smith: $325,000 (2014-2015)*[[Citizens for a Sound EconomyVanguard Charitable Endowment Program]]: $5,050,422 (2020-2021)*Vernon K. Charles and David Krieble Foundation: $13,000 (2001-2007)*[[Walton Family Foundation]]: $1,525,628 (2012-2021) IJ has highlighted the central role of the [[Koch were named Brothers]] in its founding by presenting its "Cornerstone SupportersAward" to them: :" Charles Koch provided the initial seed funding that made it possible to launch the Institute in 20011991. David Koch has been a generous benefactor each year of IJ’s first decade. We are deeply grateful for their support and the commitment to liberty it represents. Thank you, Charles and David!"<ref>Institute for Justice, [http://www.ij.org/indexcharles-a-david-koch-2 IJ Thanks Its Cornerstone Supporters], organizational website, accessed June 25, 2014.php?option</ref> =com_content&task=view&idGrants Distributed=1750&Itemid=245 Although IJ is not primarily a grant-distributing organization, it still is required to report grants and other financial/in-kind assistance offered to other nonprofits. These mainly take the form of membership dues and sponsorship of conferences. '''<big>2021</big>'''<br>*[[State Policy Network]]: $20,000*[[American Legislative Exchange Council]]: $34,000*Sista Afya Community Mental Wellness: $8,000*Piggyback Network: $7,000 '''<big>2020</big>'''<br>*[[State Policy Network]]: $20,000*[[American Legislative Exchange Council]]: $17,000*Cornerstone Schools of Washington DC: $6,793*DuPont Park Adventist School: $7,480*New Magnolia Garden Center: $7,000*Preparatory School of the District of Columbia: $1,959*TMB Group: $11,000*Templeton Academy: $1,219 '''<big>2019</big>'''<br>*[[State Policy Network]]: $20,000*Serving Our Children Inc: $32,629*[[American Legislative Exchange Council]]: $17,000 '''<big>2018</big>'''<br>*[[State Policy Network]]: $20,000*Serving Our Children Inc: $80,000*[[American Legislative Exchange Council]]: $12,000 '''<big>2017</big>'''<br>*[[State Policy Network]]: $30,000 '''<big>2016</big>'''<br>*[[Lynde and Harry Bradley Foundation]]: $10,000 '''<big>2015</big>'''<br>*Community Youth Athletic Center: $300,000 '''<big>2014</big>'''<br>None '''<big>2013</big>'''<br>None '''<big>2012</big>'''<br>None '''<big>2012</big>'''<br>None ==Personnel=====Current Staff=== As of November 2023, IJ has over 150 staff members. The following list is not exhaustive; other staff, including researchers, paralegals, attorneys, and activists, can be found on the website.<ref name=staff/>
Other notable funders include the [http:<b>Leadership<//mediamattersaction.org/transparency/organization/Dick_and_Betsy_Devos_Foundation Dick and Betsy DeVos Foundation]b><br>*Dana Berliner, which funds religious right groups Senior Vice President and [http://hostLitigation Director*Scott G.madison.com/news/opinion/column/john_nichols/article_20b2a37c-2262-5627-8073-6e6003f30bda.html advocates school choice] the conservative [[Scaife Foundations|Sarah Mellon Scaife Foundation]]Bullock, the school privatization-supporting [[Lynde President and Harry Bradley Foundation]] Chief Counsel*Bert Gall, Managing Vice President and the [[Walton Family Foundation]]Senior Attorney*Daniel Knepper, which also [http://philanthropyCFO and General Counsel*William H.com/article/The-Quiet-Walton-Family-Fund/126421/?sid=&utm_source=&utm_medium=en backs charter schools Mellor, Chairman and vouchers]. A complete list of funders can be found at the [http://mediamattersaction.org/transparency/organization/Institute_for_Justice/funders Media Matters Action Network Conservative Transparency website].Founding General Counsel*Deborah Simpson, Chief Operating Officer
==Officers and Executives==<b>Vice Presidents</b><br>*[[Deborah Simpson]], Managing Director*[[Steven Anderson]], Director of Finance & Administration*MrJohn E. [[William Mellor]]Kramer, Vice Presidentfor Strategic Relations*[[John E. Kramer]]Beth Stevens, Vice President for CommunicationsDevelopment*[[Clint Bolick]]J. Justin Wilson, Vice President & National Director of State Chaptersfor Communications
<b>Senior Attorneys</b><br>*Dan Alban, Senior Attorney*Paul Avelar, Senior Attorney*Ari Bargil, Senior Attorney*Michael Bindas, Senior Attorney*Erica Smith Ewing, Senior Attorney*Renée Flaherty, Senior Attorney*Robert Frommer, Senior Attorney*Sam Gedge, Senior Attorney*Wesley Hottot, Senior Attorney*Patrick Jaicomo, Senior Attorney*Rob Johnson, Senior Attorney*William R. Maurer, Managing Attorney of the Washington Office*Robert McNamara, Deputy Litigation Director*Arif Panju, Senior Attorney*Justin Pearson, Managing Attorney of the Florida Office*Jeff Rowes, Senior Attorney*Paul Sherman, Senior Attorney ===Former staffSenior Staff=== *Steven Anderson, Executive Vice President*Melanie Hildreth, Vice President for External Relations*Tim Keller, Managing Attorney of the Institute for Justice Arizona Office*Dick Komer, Senior Attorney*Lee McGrath, Legislative Counsel and Managing Attorney of the Institute for Justice Minnesota Office*Matt Miller, Managing Attorney of the Institute for Justice Texas Office*Clark Neily, Senior Attorney*Anthony Sanders, Senior Attorney*[[Brian Montgomery]], Director of Finance & Administration*[[Clint Bolick]], Vice President & National Director of State Chapters ===Board of Directors=== As of November 2023:<ref>Institute for Justice, https://ij.org/about-us/board-of-directors/ Board of Directors], Institute for Justice, accessed November 16, 2023.</ref> *[[Chip Mellor]] (chairman): Chairman and Founding General Counsel, Institute for Justice*Scott G. Bullock: President and General Counsel, Institute for Justice*Arthur Dantchik: Managing Director, Susquehanna Investment Group*Bob Gelfond: CEO and Founder, MagiQ Technologies, Inc.*Kenneth N. Levy: Mountain Lakes, NJ*Jim Lintott: Principal, Freedom Management Group LLC*[[Stephen Modzelewsk]]i: Managing Member, Maple Engine LLC*Andrew D. Prins: Partner, Latham & Watkins, LLP*Mary E. Stiefel: Miami, FL ===Former Board Members===
==Board==
*[[David B. Kennedy]] (chairman): President of the [[Earhart Foundation]]
*[[Chip Mellor]]: President and General Counsel of the Institute for Justice
*[[Mark Babunovic]]: Vice President, Bank of New York
*[[Arthur Dantchik]]: Partner at Susquehanna Investment Group
*[[Robert A. Levy]]: Senior Fellow in Constitutional Studies at [[Cato Institute]]
*[[Jim Lintott]]: Chairman of Sterling Foundation Management and trustee of the [[Reason Foundation]]
*[[Stephen Modzelewski]]: President of Watermark Management Corporation and trustee of the [[Reason Foundation]]
*[[Abigail Thernstrom]]: Commissioner on U.S. Commission on Civil Rights; Senior Fellow at the [[Manhattan Institute]]
*[[Gerrit Wormhoudt]]: Attorney-at-Law Fleeson, Gooing, Coulson and Kitch
*[[David Kennedy]]: President Emeritus, [[Earhart Foundation]]
*[[Robert A. Levy]]: Chairman, [[Cato Institute]]
*Abigail Thernstrom: Adjunct Scholar, [[American Enterprise Institute]]; former Vice Chair, U.S. Commission on Civil Rights and former Senior Fellow at the [[Manhattan Institute]]
 
==Contact Information==
==Contact details==Institute for Justice <b>IJ Headquarters</b><br>
901 N. Glebe Road<br>
Suite 900<br>
Arlington, VA 22203-1854<br>PhoneMain Line: (703.) 682.-9320<br>FaxDial by Extension: (703.) 682.9321-9323<br>Web: http://www.ij.org/<br> ===Odd bedfellowsState Offices===The Institute for Justice rubs shoulders with two intelligence firms: [[Blackwater]] offshoot [[Total Intelligence Solutions, LLC | Total Intelligence Solutions]] occupies the adjacent (or perhaps same) office, at Suite 901, and one floor below, in Suite 810, lies [[MZM Inc. | MZM]] (of [[Mitchell Wade]] and [[Duke Cunningham]] fame) offshoot [[Athena Innovative Solutions]]. [[Towers Watson]] has two floors of the building, and a sister building in the same complex houses the [[National Rural Electric Cooperative Association]].
===State chapters===Arizona<refb>{{cite web|publisher=Institute for Justice|title=Arizona|url=http://www.ij.org/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=573&Itemid=201|accessdate=2010-05-04}}Office</refb>:<br>398 S Mill Avenue Ste 301Ave<br>Tempe, AZ 85281-2840<br>
Phone: (480) 557-8300<br>
Fax: (480) 557-8305 <br>
Minnesota<refb>{{cite web|publisher=Institute for Justice|title=Minnesota|url=http:Florida Office<//www.ij.org/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=574&Itemid=202|accessdate=2010-05-04}}b></refbr>2 South Biscayne Boulevard<br>527 Marquette Avenue Ste 1600Suite 3180<br>MinneapolisMiami, MN 55402FL 33131-1803<br>Phone: (612305) 435721-34511600<br>Fax: (612305) 435721-58751601<br>
Texas:<refb>{{cite web|publisher=Institute for Justice|title=Texas|url=http://www.ij.org/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=2253&Itemid=301|accessdate=2010-05-04}}Office</refb><br>816 Congress Ave, <br>Suite 960<br>
Austin, TX 78701-2475<br>
Phone: (512) 480-5936<br>
Fax: (512) 480-5937<br> <b>Washington Office</b><br>600 University Street<br>Suite 1730<br>Seattle, WA 98101-2925<br>Phone: (206) 957-1300<br>
Washington (State):<ref>{{cite web|publisher=Institute for Justice|title=WashingtonArticles and Resources==|url=http://www.ij.org/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&idIRS Filings=575&Itemid=203|accessdate=2010-05-04}}</ref><br>101 Yesler Way Ste 603<br>Seattle, WA 98104<br>Phone: (206) 341-9300<br>Fax: (206) 341-9311<br>
<div class="docframe"><p>'''2021'''</p><p>{{#widget:Iframe|url=Articles and resourceshttps://www.documentcloud.org/documents/24169672-institute-for-justice-2021-990|width=350|height=250}}</p></div><div class="docframe"><p>'''2020'''</p><p>{{#widget:Iframe|url=https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/24169673-institute-for-justice-2020-990|width=Related SourceWatch articles350|height=250}}</p></div><div class="docframe"><p>'''2019'''</p><p>{{#widget:Iframe|url=https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/24169674-institute-for-justice-2019-990|width=350|height=250}}</p></div><div class="docframe"><p>'''2018'''</p><p>{{#widget:Iframe|url=https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/24169675-institute-for-justice-2018-990|width=350|height=250}}</p></div><div class="docframe"><p>'''2017'''</p><p>{{#widget:Iframe|url=https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/24169676-institute-for-justice-2017-990|width=350|height=250}}</p></div>{{clear}}
===ReferencesRelated Articles from the Center for Media and Democracy===<references*David Armiak, [https:/>/www.exposedbycmd.org/2021/11/19/dark-money-atm-pumped-over-137-million-into-right-wing-groups-in-2020/ “Dark Money ATM” Pumped Over $137 Million into Right-Wing Groups in 2020], ''ExposedbyCMD'', November 19, 2021.*Alex Kotch, [https://www.exposedbycmd.org/2021/03/22/right-wing-groups-rally-around-anti-union-case-argued-in-supreme-court-today/ Right-Wing Groups Rally Around Anti-Union Case Argued in Supreme Court Today], ''ExposedbyCMD'', March 22, 2021.*David Armiak, [https://www.exposedbycmd.org/2020/11/23/koch-funding-of-universities-topped-100-million-in-2019/ Koch Funding of Universities Topped $100 million in 2019], ''ExposedbyCMD'', November 23, 2020.*Alex Kotch, [https://www.exposedbycmd.org/2020/01/10/koch-funds-groups-supporting-lawsuit-against-donor-transparency/ Koch Funds Groups Supporting Lawsuit Against Donor Transparency], ''ExposedbyCMD'', January 10, 2020. {{Template:Koch Related SW Articles}}
===External resourcesArticles===
===External articles===
* The London School of Economics Hayek Society, "[http://www.lse.ac.uk/clubs/hayek/capitalism.htm John Blundell]", ''Capitalism'' seminar, Hayek society, accessed January 2004
* Debra England, "[http://www.townhall.com/columnists/DebraEngland/2006/12/16/top_10_charitable_gift_ideas_for_this_holiday_season Top 10 charitable gift ideas for this holiday season]," ''TownHall.com'', December 16, 2006.
* Phil Wilayto, "[http://my.execpc.com/~ajrc/ifj.html The Institute For Justice]", A Job is a Right Campaign, February 8, 2000.
* Institute of Justice, [http://www.ij.org/profile/board/body.shtml Board Members], accessed January 2004.
 
===References===
<references/>
 
[[Category:ALEC Exposed]][[Category:ALEC Non-Profits]][[Category:Koch Connection]][[Category:SPN Exposed]]
JB
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