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'''Daniel J. Edelman Public Relations''', also known as '''Edelman,''' is the largest independently owned PR company, with 46 offices and 50 affiliates around the world.<ref>Edelman Public Relations, [http://www.edelman.com/about_us/welcome/ About Us:Welcome], organizational Web site, accessed November 23, 2010</ref> It was founded by Daniel J. Edelman in 1952.<ref>Edelman, [http://www.edelman.com/who-we-are/about-edelman/ About Us], organizational website, accessed August 13, 2014.</ref> Its current president and CEO is Richard Edelman.<ref>Edelman, [http://www.edelman.com/people/richard-edelman/ Richard Edelman], organizational website, accessed August 13, 2014.</ref>
{{about_ALEC}}
===Edelman Goes After Reporters Investigating ALEC===
Shortly after being hired by ALEC, Edelman began an aggressive PR campaign against a number of people associated with investigations into ALEC, including freelance reporter Bo Hodai, ''The Nation's'' Lee Fang, Color of Change staffer Gabriel Rey-Goodlatte, and the Center for Media and Democracy's Nick Surgey. Its efforts focused not on any factual errors made in reporting on ALEC, but on the personal backgrounds of investigators and reporters.<ref>Lisa Graves, "[httphttps://www.prwatch.org/news/2012/08/11717/alec-goes-after-center-media-and-democracy ALEC Goes After the Center for Media and Democracy]," Center for Media and Democracy, PRWatch, August 29, 2012. Accessed August 12, 2014.</ref>
==Clients, Practice, and Earnings==
While Edelman's president, Richard Edelman, has written in support of addressing climate change,<ref>Richard Edelman, "[http://www.edelman.com/p/6-a-m/climate-change-imperative/ The Climate Change Imperative]," blog post, July 22, 2014. Accessed August 12, 2014.</ref> and has claimed that "We do not accept clients that seek to deny climate change,"<ref>Richard Edelman, "[http://www.edelman.com/p/6-a-m/edelmans-position-climate-change/ Edelman’s Position on Climate Change]," blog post, August 7, 2014. Accessed August 12, 2014.</ref> the company continued to represent at least three climate change deniers as of August 2014: the [[American Petroleum Institute|API]], [[E.ON]], and [[ALEC]].<ref name="vice in denial"/>
===Edelman Plans Aggressive PR for Alternate TransCanada Pipeline===
Documents obtained by Greenpeace and reported in the ''New York Times'' in November 2014 exposed a plan by Edelman for [[TransCanada]] to launch an "aggressive" American-style policy/politics PR campaign to persuade Canadians to support a Canada-based alternative to the stalled Keystone XL pipeline to get controversial tar sands oil to refineries in eastern Canada for export. According to the documents, "the PR campaign also includes a 'pressure' campaign against activists, which includes 'Detailed Background Research on Key Opposition Groups,' beginning with the Council of Canadians, but would likely extended to Equiterre, the David Suzuki Foundation, Avaaz, and Ecology Ottawa," as reported by the Center for Media and Democracy on PRWatch.org.<ref name="transcanada leaks">Lisa Graves, "[https://www.prwatch.org/news/2014/11/12676/edelman-transcanada-leak-american-style-pr-plan-prepped-keystone-xl-pipeline Edelman TransCanada Leak: Aggressive PR for Keystone Alt]," Center for Media and Democracy, PR Watch, November 18, 2014. Accessed November 18, 2014.</ref>
The Edelman documents for TransCanada note that to achieve their goal of adding "layers of difficulty for opponents, we will work with third parties and arm them with the information they need to pressure opponents and distract them from their mission . . . . Third-party voices must be identified, recruited and heard to build an echo chamber of aligned voices." This "third party technique," pioneered by U.S. tobacco companies, would include identifying professors to use as trusted speakers to advance the corporation's point of view (while not disclosing that the academics had been recruited to do so or "armed" with corporate talking points). Edelman previously represented big tobacco companies for which it deployed the third party technique repeatedly (see below).<ref name="transcanada leaks"/>
Mike Millar, a representative for TransCanada, told the ''New York Times'' that the company did investigate opponents and "had followed Edelman's advice to create a network of allies. But Mr. Millar said TransCanada had rejected Edelman's recommendation of using third parties in a campaign against opponents."<ref name="times pr firm">Ian Austen, "[http://www.nytimes.com/2014/11/18/business/pr-firm-urges-transcanada-to-target-opponents-of-its-energy-east-pipeline.html P.R. Firm Urges TransCanada to Target Opponents of Its Energy East Pipeline]," ''New York Times'', November 17, 2014. Accessed November 18, 2014.</ref>
The digital PR operation was set to be led by [[Michael Krempasky]], a right-wing blogger and co-founder of RedState.com who previously "had to apologize for his Walmart campaign that used fake grassroots bloggers."<ref>The Council of Canadians Acting for Social Justice/Le Conseil des Canadiens Agir pour La Justice Social, "[http://www.canadians.org/media/transcanada-hired-pr-firm TransCanada hired world's largest PR firm to target Council of Canadians' Energy East campaign]," press release, November 17, 2014. Accessed November 18, 2014.</ref> Krempasky, who describes himself as a "flacktivist" (combining the words activist and "flack," slang for publicist), also has ties to the [[Koch network]], which funded much of the infrastructure of the "Tea Party" movement Krempasky helped promote on RedState.<ref name="transcanada leaks"/>
Edelman did not issue a comment to the ''New York Times'', although TransCanada did confirm the authenticity of the documents. A representative of the company stated that it planned to continue working with Edelman, saying, "They've done a good job for us."<ref name="times pr firm"/>
===Edelman and API Partner on Climate Denial Astroturfing===
Edelman represents the [[American Petroleum Institute]] (API), which pays the firm about $52 million a year according to reporting by ''The Nation's'' Investigative Fund.<ref>Lee Fang, "[http://www.theinvestigativefund.org/investigations/politicsandgovernment/1929/the_shadow_lobbying_complex?page=5 The Shadow Lobbying Complex]," ''The Nation'', Investigative Fund, February 20, 2014. Accessed August 12, 2014.</ref> Edelman helped API organize the astroturf group [[Energy Citizens]] in 2009, according to ''Vice'' and the ''Washington Post''.<ref>Steven Mufson and Juliet Eilperin, "[http://www.washingtonpost.com/blogs/worldviews/post/american-petroleum-institute-auditions-do-not-stick-to-script/2011/12/09/gIQAy3nliO_blog.html American Petroleum Institute auditions do not stick to script]," ''Washington Post'', December 9, 2011. Accessed August 12, 2014.</ref><ref name="vice firm promotes">Brian Merchant, "[http://motherboard.vice.com/read/how-the-largest-pr-firm-in-the-world-promotes-climate-change-denial How the World's Biggest PR Firm Helps Promote Climate Change Denial]," ''Vice'', August 5, 2014. Accessed August 12, 2014.</ref> Energy Citizens ran a national ad campaign in 2012 that attempted to create the appearance of mass grassroots support for fracking, which Edelman helped coordinate,<ref>Anne Landman, "[httphttps://www.prwatch.org/node/11216 Timely Spoof Mocks Oil Drilling Front Group's New Ads]," Center for Media and Democracy, PRWatch, January 6, 2012. Accessed August 12, 2014.</ref> and lobbied hard to prevent Congress from passing legislation to address climate change in 2012.<ref name="vice in denial"/>
===UK Climate Activists Target Edelman on E.ON===
===ALEC's Opposition to Addressing Climate Change===
ALEC has produced a number of model bills aimed at promoting dirty energy and preventing government at the local, state, and federal levels from addressing climate change.<ref name="surgey alec">Nick Surgey, "[https://www.prwatch.org/news/2014/08/12569/alec-and-edelman Edelman Makes a Climate Change Pledge, But Forgets About ALEC]," Center for Media and Democracy, PR Watch, August 14, 2014. Accessed August 21, 2014.</ref><ref>ALEC Exposed, "[Environment, Energy, and Agriculture httphttps://www.alecexposed.org/wiki/Environment,_Energy,_and_Agriculture]," Center for Media and Democracy, accessed August 12, 2014.</ref> ALEC has worked closely with the [[Heartland Institute]] in its attempts to deny and spin climate change, for example drafting model legislation that would require schools to teach climate denial to children.<ref>Steve Horn, http://www.desmogblog.com/alec-model-bill-behind-push-require-climate-denial-instruction-schools ALEC Model Bill Behind Push To Require Climate Denial Instruction In Schools]," DeSmogBlog, January 26, 2012. Accessed August 12, 2014.</ref>
In August 2014, CMD reached out to Edelman repeatedly for comment about its relationship with ALEC, but received no response.<ref name="surgey alec"/> '''Read more about ALEC's climate change denial [httphttps://www.alecexposed.org/wiki/Environment here].''' ==Other News and Controversies== ===Edelman Advises Businesses to "Seize the Day" After Robin Williams' Death=== On August 12, 2014, the day after the death of comedian Robin Williams, Edelman executive vice president Lisa Kovitz published a blog post advising businesses and mental health organizations on how to use the actor's suicide to build publicity, calling it a "carpe diem moment."<ref>Lisa Kovitz, "[http://www.edelman.com/post/carpe-diem/ Carpe Diem]," Edelman official blog, August 12, 2014. Accessed August 13, 2013.</ref> As described by ''Business Insider'', "Kovitz urged mental health organizations and businesses to take a "visible and aggressive approach" and create content for their websites and social media pages tied to Williams' death.<ref>Hunter Walker, "[http://www.businessinsider.com/edelmans-guide-for-robin-williams-death-2014-8 World's Largest PR Firm Has A Guide For Turning Robin Williams' Death Into An Opportunity]," ''Business Insider, August 13, 2014. Accessed August 13, 2014.</ref> ===Edelman China CEO Disappears Amid Corruption Investigation=== On August 1, 2014, news surfaced that Edelman China's CEO, Steven Cao, had disappeared amid an investigation by the Chinese government "into services the agency supplied a Chinese TV station at the World Economic Forum in Davos in 2009 and 2010," according to ''PR Week''. Cao reportedly had been cooperating with the investigation.<ref name="ceo disappeared">Steve Barrett, "[http://www.prweek.com/article/1306130/edelman-china-ceo-steven-cao-disappeared Edelman China CEO Steven Cao has disappeared]," ''PR Week'', August 1, 2014. Accessed August 13, 2014.</ref> In 2007, Edelman had become majority shareholder in Pegasus Communications, of which Cao was co-founder. As of mid-August 2014, the subject of the investigation had not been made public. ''Ad Age'' noted that Cao had close ties to new anchor Rui Chenggang, another co-founder of Pegasus. Chenggang was detained by Chinese authorities in July 2014, which is "widely assumed to be part of a larger probe into allegations of corruption at his broadcaster, state network CCTV," according to ''Ad Age''.<ref>Angela Doland, "[http://adage.com/article/global-news/ceo-edelman-s-china-holding-company/294387/ Where Is the CEO of Edelman's China Holding Company?]," ''Ad Age'', July 30, 2014. Accessed August 13, 2014.</ref> The ''Wall Street Journal'' reported that Chenggang had held a financial stake in Edelman at the time when Edelman was providing services to CCTV.<ref>John Chin, "[http://online.wsj.com/articles/edelman-discloses-links-to-detained-chinese-news-anchor-rui-chenggang-1405441718?cb=logged0.5411504551302642 Edelman Discloses Links to Detained Chinese News Anchor]," ''Wall Street Journal'', July 15, 2014. Accessed August 13, 2014.</ref>
==Edelman Extols the Benefits of Working with NGOs==
Edelman PR tells clients that activists are winning because "they play offense all the time; they take their message to the consumer; they are ingenious at building coalitions; they always have a clear agenda; they move at Internet speed; they speak in the media's tone."
The solution, it argues, are partnerships between NGO's and business. "Our experience to date is positive," they say, citing examples such as "Chiquita-Rainforest Alliance" and "Home Depot-Forest Stewardship Council." [httphttps://www.prwatch.org/prwissues/2001Q3/endangered.html] (Download a copy of the February 2001 [httphttps://www.sourcewatch.org/images/f/ff/EdelmanNGOPresentation_-_2-28-01.pdf Edelman presentation] 347k pdf file).
A media release issued by Edelman touting for business described their advocacy of "partnerships" between business and environmental groups more bluntly. "You've got an environmental disaster on your hands. Have you consulted with Greenpeace in developing your crisis response plan? Co-opting your would-be attackers may seem counter-intuitive, but it makes sense when you consider that NGOs (non-governmental organizations) are trusted by the public nearly two-to-one to 'do what's right' compared with government bodies, media organizations and corporations." [httphttps://www.prwatch.org/spin/2000.html]
In 2001 they launched a short-lived series of "Edelman NGO Seminars" to "discuss the ramifications of the NGO phenomenon." [http://www.edelman.com/people_and_perspectives/insights/the_edelman_ngo_seminars.asp]
Wampler had claimed in a media release that "no illnesses associated with the listeria strain in the Northeastern U.S. outbreak have been linked to any Wampler products" and argued that listeria often occurs naturally in the environment. [http://www.odwyerpr.com/members/archived_stories_2002/october/1016wampler.htm]
The [[American Council for Fitness and Nutrition]] (ACFN) -- a coalition of food and beverage companies -- in November 2002 selected Edelman and Dittus Communications to counter calls for regulatory action to deal with the obesity epidemic in the US. ACFN funders include American Frozen Food Institute, [[Altria Group|Kraft Foods]], Chocolate Manufactuers Assn., Sugar Assn., Grocery Manufacturers of America, National Restaurant Assn., National Council of Chain Restaurants, and the Assn. of National Advertisers. [httphttps://www.prwatch.org/spin/November_2002.html]
In October 2002, Edelman signed a pledge that it would not work for tobacco companies when it won the account with the non-profit group, the National Dialogue on Cancer. However, the specialist publication, ''The Cancer Letter'' (TCL), revealed in July 2003 that Edelman had undertaken work for [[British American Tobacco]]’s Malaysian subsidiary in promoting its social reporting project. Edelman’s Vice Chairman, Leslie Dach, told TCL that the contract with BAT Malaysia had “slipped through the cracks” and had been cancelled when it was drawn to their attention. [httphttps://www.prwatch.org/spin/July_2003.html]
Edelman was called on by the French-owned [[Sodexho Alliance]] to defeat proposals by a Republican congressman to strip the company of its $880 million food service contract with the Marines and award it to a US owned company. [httphttps://www.prwatch.org/spin/March_2003.html]
As the leader in pharmaceutical PR, Edelman is a leader in managing crises for clients and development partnerships between drug companies and patient groups. “So what does PR stand for?” asked Nancy Turett, the president and global director of Edelman Health. “It stands for powerful relationships. The heart of PR is third-party credibility,” Turett wrote in ''[[Pharmaceutical Executive]]'' in September 2002. “Third-party messages are an essential means of communication for validating scientific credibility, for legitimizing products, for building brand and disease awareness, and for building defenses against crises,” Turett wrote. “As advocates develop louder voices, pharma companies must forge alliances and win allies.” [httphttps://www.prwatch.org/prwissues/2003Q1/top5.html]
In February 2004 the ''Chicago Sun-Times'' reported that Edelman's Chicago office had contributed $32,600 to Illinois Democratic Party Governor Rod Blagojevich. The story also reported that Edelman's contract with the Illinois Department of Commerce and Economic Development (DCED) to promote tourism had been renewed despite competition from rival PR companies [[Ketchum]] and [[Ruder Finn]]. The three-year contract was reported to be worth $6.2 million with $12.2 million having been paid to the company since 2000.
*[[Michael Stewart]], President and CEO, Edelman Europe & CIS
In July 2014, Edelman hired two former U.S. Senators as "strategic advisors," [[Kent Conrad]] (D-ND) and [[Judd Gregg]] (R-NH).<ref>Laura Nichols, "[http://www.prweek.com/article/1305226/edelman-brings-former-senators-gregg-conrad-adviser-roles Edelman brings on former senators Gregg, Conrad in adviser roles]," PR Week, July 24, 2014. Accessed August 13, 2014.</ref>
==Income and Employee Totals==
===Current===
Based on sources accessed in 2014, including ''O'Dwyer's'' listing for Edelman,<ref>"[http://www.odwyerpr.com/pr_firms_database/prfirm_detail.htm?prid=%7BACFF8E63-A98F-4765-9373-288B524C24FB%7D Edelman]," PR Firms Database, ''O'Dwyer's PR'', accessed August 13, 2014.</ref> Edelman's official website,<ref>Edelman, [http://www.edelman.com/what-we-do/our-work/ Our Work], organizational website, accessed August 13, 2013.</ref> and additional resources as noted.
*[[Allegion]]
*[[American Egg Board]]
*[[American Heart Association]]
*[[American Legislative Exchange Council]] (probable)<ref name="vice in denial"/>
*[[American Petroleum Institute]]<ref name="vice in denial"/>
*[[AstraZeneca]]
*AXE, a [[Unilever]] brand
*Berliner Pilsner
*[[Business Roundtable]]
*[[Carlsberg]]
*[[Center for Substance Abuse Treatment]]
*[[Citroën]]
*[[Cofresco]]
*[[Consumer Health Products Association]]
*Dos Equis, a subsidiary of [[Heineken International]]
*[[eBay]]
*[[E.ON]]
*[[General Electric]]
*[[Girl Scouts USA]]
*[[Hewlett Packard]]
*[[Hilshire Brands]]
*[[Hilton]]
*[[Kraft]] Canada
*Lenovo<ref>Steve Barrett, "[http://www.prweek.com/article/1306130/edelman-china-ceo-steven-cao-disappeared Edelman China CEO Steven Cao has disappeared]," PR Week, August 1, 2014. Accessed August 13, 2013.</ref>
*Lipton, a [[Unilever]] brand
*[[Microsoft]]
*[[MTV]]
*[[National Dairy Council]]
*[[National Football League]]
*Norton [[Symantec]]
*[[Nyrstar]]
*OKAY.com (Chinese real estate brokerage firm)<ref>"[http://www.marketing-interactive.com/okay-com-names-edelman-pr-aor/ OKAY.com picks Edelman as PR AOR]," Marketing Interactive, July 17, 2014. Accessed August 13, 2014.</ref>
*[[Ontaria Medical Association]]
*Penn State University hired Edelman in hopes of "resurrecting the university’s image in the wake of the sex abuse scandal involving former assistant football coach Jerry Sandusky," according to the ''New Republic''.<ref>Alec MacGillis, "[http://www.newrepublic.com/article/116766/penn-states-post-sandusky-public-relations-repair-gets-helping-hand Disgraced Penn State Hires a Mammoth P.R. Firm. And Gets What it Paid For]," ''The New Republic'', February 26, 2014. Accessed August 13, 2014.</ref>
*[[Quest]]<ref>Quest, "[http://www.marketwatch.com/story/quest-retains-edelman-to-bolster-communications-and-investor-relations-2014-07-16 Quest Retains Edelman to Bolster Communications and Investor Relations]," press release, Market Watch, July 16, 2014. Accessed August 13, 2014.</ref>
*[[Royal Dutch Shell]]
*[[Seattle Seahawks]]
*[[SK Telecom]]
*Slim Jim, a [[ConAgra]] brand
*[[Starbucks Coffee Co.]]
*[[Unilever]]
*[[UPS]]
*[[Vancouver Airport Authority]]
===Past===
Main source ''O'Dwyer's'' listing for Edelman (accessed April 2008): <ref>"[http://www.odwyerpr.com/pr_firms_database/prfirm_detail.htm?prid=%7BACFF8E63-A98F-4765-9373-288B524C24FB%7D Edelman]," PR Firms Database, ''O'Dwyer's PR'', accessed April 9, 2008.</ref>
In February 2009, the major military contractor [[ITT Corporation]] hired Edelman, to promote the company "in the defense in the defense and commercial markets, as well as raise awareness of its ongoing CSR," or [[corporate social responsibility]], efforts. <ref>Tonya Garcia, "[http://www.prweekus.com/ITT-awards-Edelman-with-account/article/126746/ ITT awards Edelman with account]," ''PR Week'', February 3, 2009.</ref>
===Past===<br>
Main source ''O'Dwyer's'' October 2003 firm profile: [http://www.odwyerpr.com/members/pr_firms_database/prde02.htm]