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Novartis and [[AstraZeneca]] are the parent companies of [[Syngenta]], a Swiss global agribusiness company formed in 2000 from the agrochemical and seed divisions of Novartis, and the agrochemicals and biotechnology research divisions of AstraZeneca. Syngenta is the world’s second biggest player in agrochemicals and the third biggest seed producer. <ref>[http://www.corporatewatch.org.uk/?lid=212 Syngenta: A Corporate Profile], Corporate Watch, November 2002</ref> In the fiscal year ending in December of 2008, Novartis reported sales of 42.58 billion dollars and had 96,717 employees. <ref>[http://www.hoovers.com/company/Novartis_AG/htscri-1.html Company Description: Novartis AG], Hoovers, accessed December 2009</ref> __TOC__
* ==Animal cruelty & welfare violations=={{Template:Violation_Tracker}}===Dairies of Despair: banned report released in UK===In April 2003, the largest ever set of data concerning animal experiments in the United Kingdom was released following a defeat earlier in the month for a 30 month injunction by Novartis and its former British subsidiary, Imutran. The documents revealed primates being used in the search for solutions to the chronic global shortage of human transplant organs. Baboons were transported from the African savannahs to die in steel cages the size of toilet cubicles. According to the documents, a quarter of the primates died from "technical failures". Researchers describe monkeys and baboons dying in fits of vomiting and diarrhea. Other symptoms were violent spasms, bloody discharges, grinding teeth and uncontrollable, manic eye movements. Animals retreated within themselves, lying still in their cages until they were put of their misery. Baboon W201m died of a stroke after two days of suffering from limb spasms and paralysis. Baboon W205m was "sacrificed" after 21 days. A genetically modified pig's heart had been attached to the vital arteries within its neck. Researchers noted the heart was founded swelling way beyond its natural size with a strange yellow fluid seeping from the organ. Other animals never even made it to the Novartis contract laboratory, [[Huntingdon Life Sciences]] (HLS), suffering painful deaths en route. Faxes from global wildlife dealers reveal at least 50 baboons being taken from the African plains for the experiments. In one shipment, the creatures spent 34 hours in 1996 cramped transport crates; 10 hours longer than approved by the Home Office (which did not take any action.) In another shipment, three monkeys were found dead with blood oozing from their nostrils at a Paris airport. They had not been able to turn and lie down naturally. The 1,274 pages of documentation revealed a "litany of failings", including at least 520 errors and omissions. <ref>Mark Townsend [http://observer.guardian.co.uk/uk_news/story/0,6903,940033,00.html Exposed: secrets of the animal organ lab], The Observer, April 2003</ref> ===Xenotransplantation===The 150 page Diaries of Despair report based on the documentation, provides the public with an unprecedented and extensive insight into the reality of vivisection in Britain. Never before has so much secret information about animal experiments entered the public domain. The report was effectively banned for almost two and a half years by an injunction by Imutran and Novartis in late September of 2000. The leaked documentation reveals horrific animal suffering, corrects misleading public presentation of research and exposes government deception. The five part report provides background information on xenotransplantation (transplanting organs of one species into another); an overview of the leaked documents and the rationale behind transgenic pigs as a merger potential source of xenografts. It describe the suffering of primates used in the research and the legal framework regulating animal testing. The report documents baboons and cynomolgus monkeys, from (in the case of the baboons) capture in the wild, through transportation half way across the Ciba-Geigy world and Sandoz pharmaceutical companiestheir deaths in experiments conducted at HLS. <ref>[http://www.novartisxenodiaries.comorg/aboutoverview.htm Dairies of Despair: The Secret History of pig-to-novartisprimate organ transplants], Uncaged Campaigns, accessed January 2010</company-historyref> See also ''Dairies of Despair: Further Reading''. <ref>[http://www.xenodiaries.org/indexlinks.shtml "Novartis History"htm Dairies of Despair: Further Reading], NovartisUncaged Campaigns, accessed December 2008.January 2010</ref> Organ transplants are transplants are prohibitively expensive and of limited value. However, selling transgenic pig parts and other organs is very profitable. Novartis and its subsidiaries have killed thousands of animals and spent millions of dollars attempting to develop animal organs for transplantation into humans. Xenotransplantation experiments have a long history of human and animal costs. They have proved to be one of the greatest medical disasters of all time, for both animals and recipients. Approximately 6,000 people are on waiting lists for human organs, an organ shortage which could largely be solved through default consent to organ donation after death. See also [[Humane Movement]], section 5.
* After ===Imunopigs===In spite of 100 years of failed research, the mergerquest to turn animals into spare parts warehouses continues and has done nothing to slow Novartis' search for an ''immunopig''; (pigs genetically manipulated to carry human genes.) However, Novartis reorganized its activitiesfailed research has shown that animals transplanted with human genes do not have suitable spare parts for humans, any more than non-genetically altered animals do. The company spun out its chemicals activities Other species such as Ciba Specialty Chemicalshamsters, which became an independent company in January of 1997rabbits and monkeys have also been subjected to failed horrific and pointless xenotransplantation.<ref>[http://cibasc The surgeries are so monumentally unsuccessful that animals usually begin to die within minutes.com/index/cmp-index/cmp-about.htm "About Us"], Ciba, accessed December 2008</ref>
* Novartis combined its agricultural division with that of AstraZeneca ===Organ failure, rejection & dangers to create Syngenta in November 2000human health===The transplanted organs do not function or are rejected almost instantaneously. In one experiment, a pig's kidney was accidentally transplanted into the first global group focusing exclusively on agribusinessabdomen of a monkey. <ref>[http://www The victims are then overdosed with anesthetics and their spleens were removed.syngenta Monkeys and baboons who survive xenotransplanation die of organ rejection, organ failure and infections from drug toxicity and impaired immune systems.com/en/about_syngenta/companyhistory Novartis has subjected monkeys to lethal infections, lethal blood clotting, bleeding complications, viral and protozoal infections, lymph cancer, severe nausea, severe stomach inflammation and diarrhea, dehydration, fatal pneumonia, persistent wound infections, breakdowns, brain trauma, heart attacks, pneumonia and anemia. Primates are also given massive doses of immune-suppressing drugs which cause internal hemorrhaging.html "Company History"] In one experiment, Syngenta, accessed December 2008a swab was left in a monkey's abdomen which in turn caused a lethal infection. Such incidents occur on a regular basis.</ref>
* In 2003Some animal viruses are impossible to eradicate and can infect humans. Current and historic examples [[mad cow disease]], Novartis created a new company named SandozHIV, a subsidiary [[avian flu]] and the 1918 influenza epidemic. Scientists have expressed concern that bundles its generic drug production by reusing recipients of pig organs may pass viruses into the predecessor brandgeneral population.<ref>[http://www.sandozstopanimaltests.itcom/sitef_ten_worst_ceo.asp PETA Names the 10 Worst CEOs for Animals in Laboratories], [[People for the Ethical Treatment of Animals]], accessed December 2009</itref>, <ref>[http:/l_azienda/News/Notiziewww.peta.org/poolmc/Novartis_toSandozfactsheet_display.pdf "Return of a traditional nameasp?ID=82 Xenografts: Novartis Generics rebranded as Sandoz"Frankenstein Science], Sandoz PETA Media Release, May 20Center, 2003accessed January 2010</ref>
* ===Induced schizophrenia & epilepsy in rats & mice===In April experiments in Basel, Switzerland, rats Rats between 4 and 8 days age are deprived of 2006, Novartis acquired the California based Chiron Corporationoxygen. Chiron was formerly divided into three units: Chiron Vaccines Some are exposed to reduced oxygen content. Some of them are killed on the 11th day of oxygen deprivation and Chiron Blood Testing became Novartis Vaccines their brains cut out and Diagnosticsexamined. Chiron BioPharmaceuticals was integrated into Novartis PharmaceuticalsOthers are exposed to noise and rattled in steel cages until they begin to show symptoms of schizophrenia. <ref>[http://www.allbusiness.com/company-activities-management/company-structures-ownership/5392342-1Finally, on their 120th day the rats are killed.html "Chiron Shareholders Approve Novartis Acquisition"], ''Media Release'', April 19 2006</ref>
* The company formerly owned Gerber baby productsIn experiments in Germany on rats supplied by the Basel laboratory, which it sold electrodes are implanted into the stomachs and brains of mice. ''Pilokarpin'' (a drug used to treat dry mouth associated with cancer radiotion treatment) is then injected to induce epilepsy. Some of the mice die due to the treatment and others are again killed and their brains examined. Surviving mice and subjected to [[Nestlé]] in September a second injection of 2007the drug Diazepam (Valium). They live up to 28 days with the implanted electrodes before they are killed. <ref>[httpJournal of Neural Transmission 2007://www.novartis.com/newsroom/media114, 239-releases/en/2007/1150584.shtml "Novartis completes divestment program with transfer of Gerber baby foods business"], Novartis, Media Release, September 2007248</ref>
* ===Drilling open the heads of cats===In September 2008 Ciba was bought by [[BASF]]Germany experiments, the heads of cats are drilled open and a glass plate is applied. <ref>[http://www Pictures are shown to the cat and the brain is filmed through the glass plate.corporate The cats are killed after 30 to 45 minutes.basf.com/en/presse/mitteilungen/pm.htm?pmid=3229&id=V00-qN3bGDLaUbcp*WJ "BASF makes offer to acquire Ciba"] Martin Rausch of Novartis Pharma AG, Media ReleaseBasel, September 15Switzerland, 2008participated in these experiments.<ref>Neuro Report 2001: 12, 1693-1698</ref>, <ref>[http://www.ihtnovartiskills.com/articles/2008/09/15/business/basfCrimes.php "BASF buys Swiss specialty chemicals maker Ciba"htm Novartis: A Chronicle of Crimes: Animal Torture], ''International Herald Tribune''Novartiskills.com, September 15, 2008.accessed January 2010</ref>
===Animals by species* After the merger, numbers & locations (United States)===* Novartis Pharmaceuticals Corporationreorganized its activities. The company spun out its chemicals activities as Ciba Specialty Chemicals, East Hanover, New Jersey which became an independent company in January of 1997.<ref>[http://wwwcibasc.hsus.orgcom/animals_in_researchindex/general_information_on_animal_researchcmp-index/research_facilities/novartiscmp-pharmaceuticals-corporationabout.html Research Facilities: Novartis Pharmaceuticals Corporation, East Hanover, New Jerseyhtm "About Us"], [[Humane Society of the United States]]Ciba, accessed May 2009December 2008</ref>
===Numbers of primates being used & held (United States)===* Novartis Pharmaceuticals CorporationThe company formerly owned Gerber baby products, East Hanover, New Jerseywhich it sold to [[Nestlé]] in September of 2007. <ref>[http://www.hsusnovartis.orgcom/animals_in_researchnewsroom/chimps_deserve_bettermedia-releases/monkey-use-in-researchen/2007/numbers_nonhuman_primates1150584.html Numbers shtml "Novartis completes divestment program with transfer of Nonhuman Primates at U.S. Research FacilitiesGerber baby foods business"], HSUSNovartis, Media Release, accessed December 2009September 2007</ref>
===Facility information, progress reports & USDA-APHIS reports===For copies of this facility's * In September 2008 Ciba was bought by [[U.S. Department of Agriculture]BASF]-Animal Plant Health Inspection (APHIS) reports, other information and links, see also [http://www.all-creatures.org/saen/res-fr.html Stop Animal Experimentation Now!: Facility Reports and Information]. This site lists each of the 50 states; each state's name links to biomedical research facilities in that state, and to PDF copies of government documents where the facilities must report their animal usage. These facilities performed animal experiments involving pain or distress but no analgesics, anesthetics or pain relievers were administered.<ref>[http://www.all-creaturescorporate.org/saen/ia/res-fr-ia-navbasf.html Facility Reports and Information: Novartis Animal Vaccines, Inc., Larchwood, IA], SAEN, accessed December 2009<com/ref>, <ref>[http://www.all-creatures.org/saen/nj/res-fr-nj-npc.html Facility Reports and Information: Novartis Pharmaceuticals Corporation, East Hanover, NJ], SAEN, accessed December 2009</ref> === Contract testing ===Novartis contract tests out to [[Huntingdon Life Sciences]] (HLS). <ref>[http://www.shac.net/HLS/exposed/inside_hls/Inside_customers.html Inside Customers], SHAC.net, accessed December 2009</ref> HLS is the 3rd largest contract research organization (CRO) in the world and the largest animal testing facility in all of Europe. Firms hire CROs to conduct animal toxicity tests for agrochemicals, petrochemicals, household products, pharmaceutical drugs and toxins. HLS has a long history of gross animal welfare violations. See also [[Huntingdon Life Sciences]]. Novartis contract tests out to [[Covance Laboratories]]. <ref>[http:en/presse/novartiskills.committeilungen/Crimespm.htm Novartis - A Chronicle of Crimes], Novartiskills.com, acessed January 2010</ref> Covance has a long history of gross animal welfare violations. See also [[Covance Laboratories]]. =?pmid=Animal cruelty 3229& welfare violationsid== ===Dairies of Despair: banned report released in UK===In April 2003, the largest ever set of data concerning animal experiments in the United Kingdom was released following a defeat earlier in the month for a 30 month injunction by Novartis and its former British subsidiary, Imutran. The documents revealed primates being used in the search for solutions to the chronic global shortage of human transplant organs. Baboons were transported from the African savannahs to die in steel cages the size of toilet cubicles. According to the documents, a quarter of the primates died from "technical failures". Researchers describe monkeys and baboons dying in fits of vomiting and diarrhea. Other symptoms were violent spasms, bloody discharges, grinding teeth and uncontrollable, manic eye movements. Animals retreated within themselves, lying still in their cages until they were put of their misery. Baboon W201m died of a stroke after two days of suffering from limb spasms and paralysis. Baboon W205m was "sacrificedV00-qN3bGDLaUbcp*WJ " after 21 days. A genetically modified pig's heart had been attached to the vital arteries within its neck. Researchers noted the heart was swelling way beyond its natural size with a strange yellow fluid seeping from the organ. Other animals never even made it to the Novartis contract laboratory, [[Huntingdon Life Sciences]] (HLS), suffering painful deaths en route. Faxes from global wildlife dealers reveal at least 50 baboons being taken from the African plains for the experiments. In one shipment, the creatures spent 34 hours in cramped transport crates; 10 hours longer than approved by the Home Office (which did not take any action.) In another shipment, three monkeys were found dead with blood oozing from their nostrils at a Paris airport. They had not been able BASF makes offer to turn and lie down naturally. The 1,274 pages of documentation revealed a acquire Ciba"litany of failings", including at least 520 errors and omissions. <ref>Mark Townsend [http://observer.guardian.co.uk/uk_news/story/0,6903,940033,00.html Exposed: secrets of the animal organ lab], The Observer, April 2003</ref> ===Xenotransplantation===The 150 page Diaries of Despair report based on the documentationMedia Release, provides the public with an unprecedented and extensive insight into the reality of vivisection in Britain. Never before has so much secret information about animal experiments entered the public domain. The report was effectively banned for almost two and a half years by an injunction by Imutran and Novartis in late September of 2000. The leaked documentation reveals horrific animal suffering, corrects misleading public presentation of research and exposes government deception. The five part report provides background information on xenotransplantation (transplanting organs of one species into another species); an overview of the leaked documents and the rationale behind transgenic pigs as a potential source of xenografts. It describe the suffering of primates used in the research and the legal framework regulating animal testing. The report documents baboons and cynomolgus monkeys, from (in the case of the baboons) capture in the wild, through transportation half way across the world and their deaths in experiments conducted at HLS.<ref>[http://www.xenodiaries.org/overview.htm Dairies of Despair: The Secret History of pig-to-primate organ transplants], Uncaged Campaigns15, accessed January 2010</ref> See also ''Dairies of Despair: Further Reading''2008. <ref>[http://www.xenodiaries.org/links.htm Dairies of Despair: Further Reading], Uncaged Campaigns, accessed January 2010</ref> Organ transplants are transplants are prohibitively expensive and of limited value. However, selling transgenic pig parts and other organs is very profitable. Novartis and its subsidiaries have killed thousands of animals and spent millions of dollars attempting to develop animal organs for transplantation into humans. Xenotransplantation experiments have a long history of human and animal costs. They have proved to be one of the greatest medical disasters of all time, for both animals and recipients. Approximately 6,000 people are on waiting lists for human organs, an organ shortage which could largely be solved through default consent to organ donation after death. See also [[Humane Movement]], section 5. ===Imunopigs===In spite of 100 years of failed research, the quest to turn animals into spare parts warehouses continues and has done nothing to slow Novartis' search for an ''immunopig''; (pigs genetically manipulated to carry human genes.) However, failed research has shown that animals transplanted with human genes do not have suitable spare parts for humans, any more than non-genetically altered animals do. Other species such as hamsters, rabbits and monkeys have also been subjected to failed horrific and pointless xenotransplantation. The surgeries are so monumentally unsuccessful that animals usually begin to die within minutes. ===Organ failure, rejection & dangers to human health===The transplanted organs do not function or are rejected almost instantaneously. In one experiment, a pig's kidney was accidentally transplanted into the abdomen of a monkey. The victims are then overdosed with anesthetics and their spleens were removed. Monkeys and baboons who survive xenotransplanation die of organ rejection, organ failure and infections from drug toxicity and impaired immune systems. Novartis has subjected monkeys to lethal infections, lethal blood clotting, bleeding complications, viral and protozoal infections, lymph cancer, severe nausea, severe stomach inflammation and diarrhea, dehydration, fatal pneumonia, persistent wound infections, breakdowns, brain trauma, heart attacks, pneumonia and anemia. Primates are also given massive doses of immune-suppressing drugs which cause internal hemorrhaging. In one experiment, a swab was left in a monkey's abdomen which in turn caused a lethal infection. Such incidents occur on a regular basis. Some animal viruses are impossible to eradicate and can infect humans. Current and historic examples [[mad cow disease]], HIV, [[avian flu]] and the 1918 influenza epidemic. Scientists have expressed concern that recipients of pig organs may pass viruses into the general population. <ref>[http://www.stopanimaltestsiht.com/f_ten_worst_ceo.asp PETA Names the 10 Worst CEOs for Animals in Laboratories], [[People for the Ethical Treatment of Animals]], accessed December 2009<articles/ref>, <ref>[http:2008/09/www.peta.org15/mcbusiness/factsheet_displaybasf.asp?ID=82 Xenografts: Frankenstein Sciencephp "BASF buys Swiss specialty chemicals maker Ciba"], PETA Media Center, accessed January 2010</ref> ===Induced schizophrenia & epilepsy in rats & mice===In experiments in Basel, Switzerland, rats Rats between 4 and 8 days age are deprived of oxygen. Some are exposed to reduced oxygen content. Some of them are killed on the 11th day of oxygen deprivation and their brains cut out and examined. Others are exposed to noise and rattled in steel cages until they begin to show symptoms of schizophrenia. Finally, on their 120th day the rats are killed. In experiments in Germany on rats supplied by the Basel laboratory, electrodes are implanted into the stomachs and brains of mice. ''PilokarpinInternational Herald Tribune'' (a drug used to treat dry mouth associated with cancer radiotion treatment) is then injected to induce epilepsy. Some of the mice die due to the treatment and others are again killed and thier brains examined. Surviving mice and subjected to a second injection of the drug Diazepam (Valium). They live up to 28 days with the implanted electrodes before they are killed. <ref>Journal of Neural Transmission 2007: 114, 239-248</ref> ===Drilling open the heads of cats===In Germany experiments, the heads of cats are drilled open and a glass plate is applied. Pictures are shown to the cat and the brain is filmed through the glass plate. The cats are killed after 30 to 45 minutes. Martin Rausch of Novartis Pharma AG, Basel, Switzerland, participated in these experiments. <ref>Neuro Report 2001: 12, 1693-1698</ref>, <ref>[http://novartiskills.com/Crimes.htm Novartis: A Chronicle of Crimes: Animal Torture]September 15, Novartiskills2008.com, accessed January 2010</ref>
* [http://www.hsus.org/hsi/animal_experiments/product_testing/eu_product_testing_qa/qa_eu_testing_of_chemicals.html Q&A: EU Testing of Chemicals], [[Humane Society International]], March 2009
* [http://www.hsus.org/hsi/animal_experiments/product_testing/eu_product_testing_qa/qa_eu_testing_pharmaceuticals.html Q&A: EU Testing of Pharmaceuticals], HSI, March 2009
* [http://www.hsus.org/hsi/animal_experiments/product_testing/eu_product_testing_qa/qa_eu_testing_of_vaccines.html Q&A: EU Testing of Vaccines], HSI, March 2009
centered Novartis logo
{{Infobox Company
| company_name = Novartis
| company_logo = [[Image:novartis_logo.gif|thumb|center|Novartis Logo]]
| company_type = Private pharmaceutical company
| genre = Pharmaceutical drug producer and biotechnological researcher
| dissolved =
| location = Basel, Switzerland
}}
'''Novartis''' is a global [[pharmaceutical]] and [[biotechnology]] corporation with headquarters in Basel, Switzerland. The company specializes in biotechnological drugs, vaccines, over-the-counter pharmaceuticals, animal health care products, contact lenses and lense care products. It is the world's 5th largest vaccine producer. It distributes in over 140 countries through approximately 100,000 associates. <ref>[http://www.novartis.com/about-novartis/people/index.shtml Welcome to Novartis], Novartis, January 2010</ref> Novartis and [[AstraZeneca]] spun-off and merged to become [[Syngenta]], a Swiss global agribusiness company formed in 2000 from the agrochemical and seed divisions of Novartis, and the agrochemicals and biotechnology research divisions of AstraZeneca. Syngenta is the world’s second biggest player in agrochemicals and the third biggest seed producer. <ref>[http://www.corporatewatch.org.uk/?lid=212 Syngenta: A Corporate Profile], Corporate Watch, November 2002</ref>
In the fiscal year ending in December of 2009, the company reported sales of approximately $45.1 billion dollars and had 99,834 employees. <ref>[http://www.hoovers.com/company/Novartis_AG/htscri-1-1njea5.html Key Novartis AG Financials], Hoovers, accessed January 2011</ref>
Access Novartis's corporate rap sheet compiled and written by ''NovartisGood Jobs First''' is a global [[pharmaceutical]] and [[biotechnology]] corporation with headquarters in Basel, Switzerland. The company specializes in biotechnological drugs, vaccines, over-the-counter pharmaceuticals, animal healthcare products, contact lenses and lense care products. It is the world's 5th largest vaccine producer. It distributes in over 140 countries through approximately 100,000 associates. <ref>[http://www.novartiscorp-research.comorg/about-novartis/people/indexhere].shtml Welcome to Novartis], Novartis, January 2010</ref>
==Overview==
[[Image:2007-associates.jpg|thumb|NOVARTIS ASSOCIATES BY REGION AND BY BUSINESS]]
Novartis' four divisions are pharmaceuticals, vaccines and diagnostics; generics and consumer health. Its largest division is pharmaceuticals. Vaccine and Diagnostics manufactures vaccines and blood-screening tools. Its Sandoz generics subsidiary produces generic drugs and active pharmaceutical ingredients. The consumer health unit includes the brand names Benefiber, Excedrin and Theraflu. It also includes contact lenses, eye care products, companion animal and agricultural animal products. See also Novartis products. <ref>[http://www.novartis.com/products/index.shtml Welcome to Novartis], Novartis, accessed December 2009</ref>
Sandoz is the generic branch of Novartis pharmaceuticals. It manufactures low cost pharmaceuticals no longer protected by patents. Key products include drugs for central-nervous-system, gastrointestinal and cardiovascular disorders as well as antibiotics and hormone therapies. <ref>[http://www.novartis.com/products/sandoz.shtml About Sandoz: Novartis' generic pharmaceuticals division], Norvartis, accessed January 2009</ref> The company's over the counter (OTC) division develops, manufactures and markets non-prescription self medication. <ref>[http://www.novartis.com/products/over-counter.shtml "Novartis' Over-the-counter product line"], Novartis, accessed January 2009</ref> Novartis manufactures products for companion animals and "the health and productivity of farm animals." Products include treatments for disease and parasite infestations. <ref>[http://www.novartis.com/products/animal-health.shtml Novartis Animal Health], Novartis, accessed January 2009</ref> CIBA VISION specializes in contact lenses and lens-care production in over 70 countries. <ref>[http://www.novartis.com/products/ciba-vision.shtml CIBA Vision], Novartis, accessed January 2009</ref>
==AcquistionsTies to the American Legislative Exchange Council== In August 2011, Novartis representative Don Stetcher was given the [[American Legislative Exchange Council]]'s (ALEC's) 2011 [[ALEC Award Winners|Private Sector Member of the Year Award]].<ref>American Legislative Exchange Council, "Solutions for the States, mergers" 38th Annual Meeting agenda, spinon file with CMD, August 3-offs 6, 2011</ref> {{about_ALEC}}==Animal testing=={{#ev:youtube|ZJpGpAWrIYo|300|right|Demonstrations against Huntingdon Life Sciences clients Novartis & sell offsMerck. - Washington, DC January 2008}} Novartis does [[animal testing]]. ===Facility information, progress reports & USDA-APHIS reports===For links to copies of a facility's [[U.S. Department of Agriculture]] (USDA)-Animal Plant Health Inspection (APHIS) reports, other information and links, see also [http://www.all-creatures.org/saen/res-fr.html Stop Animal Experimentation NOW!: Facility Reports and Information]. This site contains listings for all 50 states, links to biomedical research facilities in that state and PDF copies of government documents where facilities must report their animal usage. (Search: Cambridge, Massachusetts; San Diego, California.) This facility performed animal experiments involving pain or distress but no analgesics, anesthetics or pain relievers were administered. For copies of this facility's USDA-APHIS reports, other information and links, see also Facility Reports and Information: Novartis Animal Vaccines, Inc., Larchwood, IA. <ref>[http://www.all-creatures.org/saen/ia/res-fr-ia-nav.html Facility Reports and Information: Novartis Animal Vaccines, Inc., Larchwood, IA],Stop Animal Experimentation NOW!, accessed January 2011</ref> This facility performed animal experiments involving pain or distress but no analgesics, anesthetics or pain relievers were administered. For copies of this facility's USDA-APHIS reports, other information and links, see also Facility Reports and Information: Novartis Pharmaceuticals Corporation, East Hanover, NJ<ref>[http://www.all-creatures.org/saen/nj/res-fr-nj-npc.html Facility Reports and Information: Novartis Pharmaceuticals Corporation, East Hanover, NJ], SAEN, accessed January 2011</ref> ===USDA AWA reports===As of May 26, 2009, the USDA began posting all inspection reports for animal breeders, dealers, exhibitors, handlers, research facilities and animal carriers by state. See also [http://www.aphis.usda.gov/animal_welfare/inspection_list.shtml USDA Animal Welfare Inspection Reports]. === Contract testing ===Novartis contract tests out to [[Huntingdon Life Sciences]] (HLS). <ref>[http://www.shac.net/HLS/exposed/inside_hls/Inside_customers.html Inside Customers], SHAC.net, accessed December 2009</ref> HLS is the 3rd largest contract research organization (CRO) in the world and the largest animal testing facility in all of Europe. Firms hire CROs to conduct animal toxicity tests for agrochemicals, petrochemicals, household products, pharmaceutical drugs and toxins. HLS has a long history of gross animal welfare violations. See also [[Huntingdon Life Sciences]]. Novartis contract tests out to [[Covance Laboratories]]. <ref>[http://novartiskills.com/Crimes.htm Novartis - A Chronicle of Crimes], Novartiskills.com, acessed January 2010</ref> Covance has a long history of gross animal welfare violations. See also [[Covance Laboratories]].
==Drug safety issues==
Novartis has been plagued by a number of recent drug safety issues, including the delay of its diabetes drug Galvus and "evaluating" the launch of a generic version of its Lotrel blood pressure treatment. Norvatis Novartis withdrew the bowel drug Zelnorm from US shelves in March of 2007.
===Prexige banned in Australia===
===Global GMOs & herbicide market===
The top biotechnology companies are [[Monsanto]], [[DuPont]], [[AventisSyngenta]] and [[Bayer]], . (Syngenta is a subsidiary of parent companies [[AstraZeneca ]] and Novartis. [[Aventis]]' agribusiness division was bought out by Bayer.) They account for almost 100% of the genetically engineered seed and 60% of the global pesticide market. Thanks to recent acquisitions, they now own 23% of the commercial seed market. In 1999, almost 80% of total global transgenic acreage was planted in GMO soy, corn, cotton and canola. Until then, farmers could spray herbicides before planting, but not after, as herbicides would kill the intended crop. The other 20% of genetically modified acreage is planted with crops that produce pesticides. Monsanto’s "New Leaf" potato kills potato beetles, but is itself registered as a pesticide with the [[Environmental Protection Agency]] (EPA). The five largest biotech companies in the world are also the five largest herbicide companies. GMOs ensure a continuous and ever-expanding market for their agrochemicals. <ref>John Robbins [http://www.celsias.com/article/the-food-revolution-genetic-engineering-part-i/ Genetic Engineering, Part I], The Food Revolution, accessed December 2009</ref>
Under current policy, the government provides large subsidies to farmers to produce grains, in particularly corn and soybeans. Livestock producers use corn and soy as a base for animal feed as they are protein rich and fatten up the animals. They are also cheap (due to government subsidies.) Livestock consumes 47% of the soy and 60% of the corn produced in the US. <ref>[http://www.sustainabletable.org/issues/feed/ The Issues: Corn and Soy], Sustainable Table, accessed December 2009</ref> See also [[Food and Drug AdministrationFDA]].
==Human rights & environmental abuses==
===Activist shot and killed protesting GMO fields===
In October of 2007, an activist was shot and killed during a protest at a Syngenta farm in the southern Parana state. According to the MST, the farm illegally produced genetically modified crops (GMO)'s within a protected enviromental zone close to the internationally acclaimed Iguacu water falls. The Paraná State Federal Justice decided that experiments with GMOs in the surroundings of the Iguaçú National Park are illegal. According to Judge Vanessa Hoffman, the park has a a 10 km buffer zone and the company was fined R$ 1 million by Brazilian environmental authorities.
Syngenta is the world's largest agrochemical company. According to a company statement, it was "dismayed by the occupations" but denied any participation in the October shooting death. According to activists, the company's private security force at the farm were responsible for the shooting death of Valmir Mota de Oliveira. The MST and other groups frequently occupy farms, block highways, torch crops and stage rallies to pressure the government to give land to the poor. In response, landowners hire armed guards and hit squads to repel invasions. Landless militants have also blocked railroads run by Brazilian mining companies, interupting the flow of iron ore to foreign markets.
Industry and agricultural [[lobbyist]]s have urged the government to crack down on landless movements, as they "undermine investment conditions in Brazil." <ref>Raymond Colitt, Vicki Allen [http://www.reuters.com/article/idUSN10291088 Brazil's landless peasants occupy Syngenta plants], [[Reuters]], December 2007</ref>
==Animal testingAcquisitions, mergers, spin-offs & sell offs==
* Novartis does was founded in 1996 in a merger of the Ciba-Geigy and Sandoz pharmaceutical companies. <ref>[[animal testing]http://www.novartis.com/about-novartis/company-history/index.shtml "Novartis History"], Novartis, accessed December 2008. </ref>
* Novartis Institutes For Biomedical Researchcombined its agricultural division with that of AstraZeneca to create Syngenta in November 2000, Cambridge, Massachusettsthe first global group focusing exclusively on agribusiness. <ref>[http://www.hsussyngenta.org/animals_in_researchcom/general_information_on_animal_researchen/research_facilitiesabout_syngenta/novartis-institutes-for-biomedical-researchcompanyhistory.html Research Facilities: Novartis Institutes For Biomedical Research, Cambridge, Massachusetts"Company History"], HSUSSyngenta, accessed May 2009December 2008.</ref>
* In 2003, Novartis Research Foundation Genomics Institutecreated a new company named Sandoz, San Diego, California a subsidiary that bundles its generic drug production by reusing the predecessor brand.<ref>[http://www.hsussandoz.orgit/animals_in_researchsite/general_information_on_animal_researchit/research_facilitiesl_azienda/genomics-inst-News/Notizie/pool/Novartis_toSandoz.pdf "Return of-the-novartis-reseach-foundation.html Research Facilitiesa traditional name: Novartis Research Foundation Genomics Institute, San Diego, CaliforniaGenerics rebranded as Sandoz"], HSUSSandoz Media Release, accessed May 200920, 2003</ref>
* In April of 2006, Novartis Animal Health Uacquired the California based Chiron Corporation.S Chiron was formerly divided into three units: Chiron Vaccines and Chiron Blood Testing became Novartis Vaccines and Diagnostics., Inc Chiron BioPharmaceuticals was integrated into Novartis Pharmaceuticals., Larchwood, Iowa <ref>[http://www.hsusallbusiness.org/animals_in_research/general_information_on_animal_research/research_facilitiescom/novartiscompany-animalactivities-healthmanagement/company-usstructures-iownership/5392342-n-c1.html Research Facilities: "Chiron Shareholders Approve Novartis Animal Health U.S., Inc., Larchwood, IowaAcquisition"], HSUS''Media Release'', accessed May 2009April 19 2006</ref>
==Personnel & board==
===SourceWatch articles===
* [[Agricultural Biotechnology Council]]
* [[American Cancer Society]]
* [[Animal testing]]
* [[AstraZeneca]]
* [[Biotechnology]]
* [[Chemical companies, lobbyists and agribusiness]]
* [[Covance Laboratories]]
* [[Direct-to-consumer advertising in the United States]]
* [[Food and Drug Administration]]
* [[Environmentalism]]
* [[Pharmaceutical industry]]
* [[Prexige]]
* [[SANE Australia]]
* [[Syngenta]]
* [[War on Cancer]]
* [http://www.gmwatch.org GM Watch], accessed January 2010
* [http://novartiskills.com/Crimes.htm Novartis: A Chronicle of Crimes], Novartiskills.com, accessed January 2010
[[Category:ALEC Exposed]][[Category:Global corporations]][[Category: Pharmaceutical industry]] [[Category: Animal testing]][[Category: Huntingdon Life Sciences]] [[Category: Corporations]] [[Category: Health]] [[Category: Cancer]] [[Category: Agriculture]] [[Category: Gross Animal Welfare Violations]] [[Category: Human rights abuses]] [[Category: Biotechnology]]
