Changes

'''Globalization''', according to one source, is defined politically and economically as "the process of denationalization of markets, politics and legal systems, i.e., the rise of the so-called '''[[global economy]]'''. The consequences of this '''political and economic restructuring''' on local economies, human welfare and environment are the subject of an open debate among international organizations, governmental institutions and the academic world."[http://www.globalization.com/index.cfm?MyCatID=1&PageID=1321] Globalization removes control over local resources to remote insensitive trans-national corporations operating solely on an agenda of profits, underinformed of and with insufficient concern for local effects. It exemplifies the [[socialization of costs and privatization of profits]]. "Agricultural workers and their families are being poisoned, rural lands, forests, oceans and waters are devastated, biodiversity is being destroyed, and food is unfit for human consumption. With these words, 140 participants from 17 countries at the First Pesticide Action Network Asia and the Pacific Congress in Manila last week [April 2003] warned the world that industrial agriculture as conducted by transnational corporations is undermining the resources needed to sustain food production."[http://ens-news.com/ens/apr2003/2003-04-07-03.asp] Another perspective equates globalization with the phenomenon of '''intercontinental contracting'''. Keith Porter writes: "People around the globe are more connected to each other than ever before. Information and money flow more quickly than ever. Goods and services produced in one part of the world are increasingly available in all parts of the world. International travel is more frequent. International communication is commonplace."[http://globalization.about.com/library/weekly/aa080601a.htm] Porter adds: "While some people think of globalization as primarily a synonym for global business, it is much more than that. The same forces that allow businesses to operate as if national borders did not exist also allow social activists, labor organizers, journalists, academics, and many others to work on a global stage."[http://globalization.about.com/library/weekly/aa080601a.htm] '''Globalization of North America''' The activity "Since the Seattle surprise of 1999, it has become standard procedure to erect a miniature [[police state]] around globalization can be applied summits, and it's hard not toread these rights-free zones as prefigurations of what full-blown corporate globalization might bring. After all, or againstthis form of globalization would essentially suspend local, any countryregional, including the U.S. [http://www.citizen.org/pressroom/release.cfm?ID=1368]; March 28and national rights of self-determination over labor, 2003, ''Public Citizen'': :"Without approval by Michigan's legislature or Gov. Jennifer Granholmenvironmental, and agricultural conditions in the name of the Bush administration plans to submit offers next week at dubious benefits of the [[World Trade Organizationfree market]] (WTO) , benefits that could require would be enforced by unaccountable transnational authorities acting primarily to protect the state to open public services to foreignrights of capital." --Rebecca Solnit, for-profit ownership and strictly curtail state regulation of banking, insurance, electricity, water systems, transportation, alcohol distribution and professional services including those provided by doctors, lawyers and accountantsNovember 2003. [http://www.nationinstitute.org/tomdispatch/index.mhtml?pid=1090] ==Promotion of Conflict== "States would be required to conform their policies Many of the armed conflicts of recent years have been sustained by economic activities of combatants with access to global rules established as part of negotiations occurring under the WTOmarkets. Today's General Agreement on Trade in Services (GATS)warlords, make use of global financial and commodity markets to transform control over natural resources into war fighting capacity. The threat to numerous state laws and policies was revealed only weeks ago when Under the European Union's (EU) demands cover of armed conflict, legally or illegally produced commodities are traded on the U.S. were leaked from legitimate, but highly unregulated, global markets to obtain financial resources, weapons and other materiel needed to sustain the secretive talks being held at the WTO's Geneva headquarterswar. :"[http://www.fafo.no/piccr/ecocon.htm] ==Globalization of North America== The leaked documents showed that a stunning scope activity of domestic policies that citizens expect to globalization can be set by their federal, state and local officials are poised applied to be eliminated in global negotiations pushed by giant, multinational service sector corporations such as Andersenor against, any country, including the U.S. [[Halliburton]] and RWEhttp://Thames Waterwww.citizen. The policies include the privatization and deregulation of public energy and water utilitiesorg/pressroom/release.cfm?ID=1368 March 28, postal services2003, higher education and alcohol distribution systems; the right of foreign firms to obtain U''Public Citizen'']::"Without approval by Michigan's legislature or Gov.S. government small business loans; and deregulation of private-sector industries such as insurance, banking, mutual funds and securities." The website [http://www.progress.org/2003/corpw34.htm ''"Progress Report"''[Jennifer Granholm]], the [[Bush administration]] plans to submit offers next week at the [[World Trade Organization]] observes in October 2003 (WTO) that :Mining corporationscould require the state to open public services to foreign, many for-profit ownership and strictly curtail state regulation of which are not even Americanbanking, receive huge welfare handouts from Uinsurance, electricity, water systems, transportation, alcohol distribution and professional services including those provided by doctors, lawyers and accountants.S. taxpayers in the form  :"States would be required to conform their policies to global rules established as part of access to public land at far less than negotiations occurring under the market value. Billions of dollarsWTO' worth of precious metals s [[General Agreement on Trade in Services]] (GATS). The threat to numerous state laws and other natural resources have been taken from public land, without any compensation to policies was revealed only weeks ago when the [[European Union]]'s (EU) demands of the U.S. taxpayers. :Now in were leaked from the secretive talks being held at the WTO's Geneva headquarters. :"The leaked documents showed that a new development, instead stunning scope of reforming this scandalous situationdomestic policies that citizens expect to be set by their federal, the Bush administration is making it even worse state and local officials are poised to be eliminated in global negotiations pushed by telling mining giant, multinational service sector corporations they can pollute public lands without liability -- such as [[Arthur Andersen]], [[Halliburton Company]] and [[RWE/Thames Water]]. The policies include the full cost privatization and liability hits [[deregulation]] of public energy and water utilities, postal services, higher education and alcohol distribution systems; the taxpayers insteadright of foreign firms to obtain U. :"Negotiated behind closed doors between the Bush administration S. government small business loans; and America's most toxic industry, this outrageous reversal directs the government to quit enforcing existing federal lawderegulation of private-sector industries such as insurance, banking,mutual funds and securities." said Steve D'Esposito of  The website [http://www.mineralpolicyprogress.org/ Mineral Policy Center]2003/corpw34. htm '''Globalization of Latin America"Progress Report"''' see article on [[Imperial terror ] observes in South America]] and links therefrom October 2003 that '''Globalization :Mining corporations, many of the Middle East''' Since which are not even American, receive huge welfare handouts from U.S. and Utaxpayers in the form of access to public land at far less than the market value.K. forces, the "[[coalition Billions of the willing]]," began the campaign ([[Gulf War II]]) to oust Saddam Hussein dollars' worth of precious metals and his "repressive" and "malignant" Iraqi leadership, other challenges for globalization may be on the horizonnatural resources have been taken from public land, without any compensation to U.S. taxpayers. Some are seeing Iraq's -- and  :Now in a new development, instead of reforming this scandalous situation, the Middle East's Bush administration is making it even worse by telling mining corporations they can pollute public lands without liability -- future through other definitions like '''Americanization'''. [[Pax Americana]] (i.ethe full cost and liability hits the taxpayers instead.  :"Negotiated behind closed doors between the Pax Americana doctrine) has attached to the Bushite neo-cons ([[neo-conservative]]Bush administration and America's). The Chinese Communist Party has apparently suggested most toxic industry, this is U.S. '''<i>neo-imperialism</i>'''outrageous reversal directs the government to quit enforcing existing federal law, what Eric Alterman calls "the new American empire".said Steve D'Esposito of [http://www.noutopiamineralpolicy.comorg/indexMineral Policy Center].html#anchor690808][http://www.thenation.com/doc.mhtml?i ==Globalization of Latin America=20030127&s=alterman] An increasingly popular view is that [[IslamistSee article on [[Imperial terror in South America]] activity is more [[anti-imperialist]] than religiously motivatedand links therefrom. [[Olivier Roy]]  ==Globalization of the Middle East== Since U.S. and U.K. forces, the "[[Open Society Institutecoalition of the willing]] has broached ," began the view that any model of an campaign ([[Islamic caliphateGulf War II]] would almost certainly be defined by its resistance ) to economic globalization, rather than any religious ideal. The religious motivation, in this viewoust [[Saddam Hussein]] and his "repressive" and "malignant" Iraqi leadership, other challenges for globalization may come from be on the [[Fellowship]] and other nominally Christian groups based in the USA since the [[Cold War]], whose names constantly change, but whose vision of a Protestant private property order, and a crusade against outsiders, do nothorizon. 'Some are seeing Iraq's -- and the Middle East'[[Globalization of Iraq]]s -- future through other definitions like ''' Americanization'''Globalization of Africa''' , or [[http://storyPax Americana| the Pax Americana doctrine]].news.yahoo.com/news?tmpl=story&u=/oneworld/20031028/wl_oneworld/2216714241067350877 Jim Lobe, WASHINGTON, D.C., Oct 28, 2003 (OneWorld) An increasingly popular view is that [[Islamist]] writes: :A dozen major international human rights and develoment groups are calling on activity is more [[anti-imperialist]] than religiously motivated. [[Olivier Roy]] of the UN Security Council to press [[Open Society Institute]] has broached the United States and other western governments to launch immediate investigations into the involvement view that any model of multinational corporations based in their countries in profiteering from the war in the Democratic Republic of Congoan [[Islamic caliphate]] would almost certainly be defined by its resistance to economic globalization, rather than any religious ideal. :The appeal--by such groups as Human Rights Watch (HRW), Friends ==[[Globalization of the Earth (FoE), Oxfam, and the International Human Rights Law Group--charges that multinational corporations (MNCs) have developed "elite networks" Iraq]]== ==Globalization of key political, military, and business elites to plunder the Congo's natural resources during a five-year conflict that has caused the deaths of more than three million people--the highest civilian death toll of any war since World War IIAfrica== [http://story.news.yahoo.com/news?tmpl=story&u=/oneworld/20031028/wl_oneworld/2216714241067350877 Jim Lobe, Washington, D.C. , October 28, 2003 (OneWorld)] writes: :The A dozen major international human rights and develoment groups' appeal comes are calling on the eve of UN Security Council to press the final report of a Panel of Experts that was established by the UN in 2000 United States and other western governments to study launch immediate investigations into the illegal exploitation involvement of multinational corporations based in their countries in profiteering from the war in the DRC's abundant natural resourcesDemocratic Republic of Congo. See [[war profiteering]]. == Other SourceWatch Resources == *the :The appeal--by such groups as [[BoliviaHuman Rights Watch]]n Water War *(HRW), [[free tradeFriends of the Earth]] *(FoE), [[G8Oxfam]] *, and the [[G20International Human Rights Law Group]] --charges that multinational corporations (MNCs) have developed "elite networks" of key political, military, and business elites to plunder the Congo's natural resources during a five-year conflict that has caused the deaths of more than three million people--the highest civilian death toll of any war since World War II.*[[George Soros]] *[[Global Compact]] *[[Global Compact Corporate Partners]] *[[Imperial terror in South America]] *[[International Occupation Watch Center]] in Iraq *[[population control]] *:The groups' appeal comes on the eve of the [[Privatization]] *[[Rothschild family]] *[[Timeline to global governance]] "The New Rulers Of The World"], a film by John Pilgerhttp://www.un.org/apps/news/story. asp?NewsID=8706&Cr= External Links democratic&Cr1== *An congo final report of a Panel of Experts] [http://www.cato.org/special/symposium/index.html "online symposium"] at Panel of Experts on the [[Cato InstituteIllegal Exploitation of Natural Resources and Other Forms of Wealth of the DRC"]]. *[http://pilger.carltonthat was established by the UN in 2000 to study the '''illegal exploitation''' of the DRC's abundant natural resources.com/globalisation "The New Rulers Of The World" ==References==* [[Joseph E. Stiglitz]]. 2003, a film by John Pilger2002. *Tim Shorrock, '''[[http://www.thenation.com/doc.mhtml?i=20030127&s=shorrock A Dangerous Game in KoreaGlobalization and its Discontents]], ''The Nation'', January 9, 2003. *Robert Scheer, [http New York://wwwW.thenationW.com/docNorton.mhtml?i=20030331&s=scheer20030318 A Naked Bid to Redraw World Map], ''The Nation'', March 18, 2003ISBN0393051242.  Also see *Robert Scheer[[Pax Americana, [http:Africa]]*[http://www.thenationglobalwitness.comorg/campaigns/diamonds/docun.mhtml?i=20030407&s=scheer20030235 The Wraps Come Off Bush's Colonialist Agendaphp Conflict Diamonds], ''The Nation'', March 25, 2003. *[http://www.noutopiaglobalwitness.comorg/reports/show.php/indexen.00002.html#anchor690808 Oh, great. A Bush war spinoff'''"All the Presidents Men"'''], No Utopia, March 262002, 2003. From CNN: ''The Iraqi war has convinced the Chinese Communist Party (CCP) leadership that some form of confrontation with the Udevastating story of oil and [[banking]] in [[Angola]]'s privatised war.S*[http://www. could come earlier than expectedglobalwitness. Beijing has also begun to fine-tune its domestic and security policies to counter the perceived threat of Uorg/reports/show.php/en.S00016. html '''"neo-imperialism.A Crude Awakening"'' *[http:/'], December 1999, The Role of the Oil and Banking Industries in Angola's conflict.*[http://www.noutopiafafo.comno/piccr/indexbackground.htm Background and Primary Source Documents on Economics of Armed Conflict].html#anchor690808 "Chaos in the Middle East is not the Bush hawks' nightmare scenario--it's their plan."], revised March 28, 2003.  *Thomas L. Friedman, [http://querywww.nytimesnatural-resources.comorg/minerals/gstlaw/abstractconflict.html?res=F40C12F73C5D0C738FDDAA0894DB404482 NATO's New Fronthtm information on conflicts involving the exploitation of metals], ''The New York Times'', March 30, 2003.  == Related SourceWatch Resources == *Joshua Micah Marshall, [http://www.washingtonmonthly.com/features/2003/0304.marshall.html Practice to Deceive. Chaos in the Middle East is not the Bush hawks' nightmare scenario--it's their plan[American Turkish Council]]*[[biometrics]], ''Washington Monthly,'' April 2003. *Thomas L. Friedman, The [[http://www.nytimes.com/2003/04/02/opinion/02FRIE.html Come the RevolutionBolivia]]n Water War*[[Business Ethics Network]], ''The New York Times'', April 2, 2003. *Bill Fletcher, Jr., [http://www.thenation.com/doc.mhtml?i=20030421&s=fletcher Response 2. Today Iraq, Tomorrow...?[Business Roundtable]]*[[Corporate campaigns]]*[[European Union]], ''The Nation'', April 3, 2003. *[http://www.noutopia.com/index.html#anchor219255 The problem with fanatics is that they're unreasonable zealots[free trade]]*[[G8]], No Utopia, April 3, 2003. *David E. Sanger, [http://www.nytimes.com/2003/04/06/international/worldspecial/06POLI.html Viewing the War as a Lesson to the World[G20]]*[[G21]], ''The New York Times'', April 5, 2003. *Ron Brownstein, [http://www.latimes.com/la-war-poll5apr05,0,3145206.story Support of U.S. Military Role in Mideast Grows. Americans' backing for Bush rises; many might endorse action against Iran or Syria[G22]]*[[George Soros]]*[[Global Compact]], ''The Los Angeles Times'', April 5, 2003. *[http://story.news.yahoo.com/news?tmpl=story2&cid=578&ncid=578&e=9&u=/nm/20030408/ts_nm/korea_north_usa_dc North Korea Says U.S. Wants to Commit 'Terrorism'[Global Compact Corporate Partners]]*[[Global insurgency for change]], Reuters, April 8, 2003. *[[Horizon Project]] '''Globalization''' *[[Imperial terror in South America]]*[http://www1.worldbank.org/economicpolicy/globalization/ Globalization, Growth and Poverty: Building an Inclusive World Economy[International Occupation Watch Center]] in Iraq*[[oil industry]]*[[population control]], World Bank articles. *IMF Staff, [http://www.imf.org/external/np/exr/ib/2000/041200.htm Globalization: Threat or Opportunity?[Pax Americana]], April 12, 2000 (Corrected January 2002). *[http://www.emory.edu/SOC/globalization/ The Globalization Web Site[Privatization]]*[[Rothschild family]]*[[Third world]]*[[Timeline to global governance]], Emory University. Includes Glossary, Theories, Issues, People, Debates, News, and Books. *[http://www.democracyctr.org/newsletter/vol39.htm "Globalization - What's all the fuss about?"[World Trade Organization]], The Democracy Center, August 24, 2001 *[http://www.globalpolicy.org/globaliz/ Globalization] articles and links from the Global Policy Forum. == External links == ===General Resources===*[http://www.ifgemory.orgedu/SOC/ International Forum on globalization/ The GlobalizationWeb Site] , Emory University. Includes Glossary, Theories, Issues, People, Debates, News, and Books.*Mark Weisbrot, [http://www.ceprglobalpolicy.netorg/globaliz/GlobalPrimer2.htm Globalization: A Primer], Center for Economic articles and links from the [[Global Policy Research, October 1999Forum]]. *Thomas P. M. Barnett (U.S. Naval War College), [http://www.cfrcato.org/ The Pentagon's New Mapspecial/symposium/index.html Globalization and World Capitalism: It Explains Why We're Going to War, A Debate] -articles and Why We'll Keep Going to Warlinks on globalization from US right-wing [[think tank]] the [[Cato Institute]], ''Esquire'', March 2003. Go to "Globalization". *[http://www.worldtrademagcia.comgov/CDAnic/ArticleInformation/newsNIC_globaltrend2020_es.html The 2020 Global Landscape]. Report of the [[National Intelligence Council]]'s 2020 Project. ===Resources critical of Globalisation===* [http://www.foei.org/publications/pdfs/news%5Fitem/0%2C3881%2C94342%2C00.html ICC Says Globalization Narrows the Poverty Gaptyranny.pdf The Tyranny of Free Trade] Friends of the Earth International, Dec 2005.*[http://www.tradewatchoz.org/guide/New_WTO_Guide.pdf The World Trade Organisation: An Australian Guide], Global Trade Watch, Dec 2005.*[http://www.cepr.net/globalization/scorecard_on_globalization.htm "The Scorecard on Globalization 1980-2000; Twenty Years of Diminished Progress,"][http://www.cepr.net/ Center for Economic and Policy Research], July 11, 2003.*[http://www.maketradefair.org/en/index.php?file=26032002105549.htm Rigged Rules & Double Standards], Oxfam International, 2002.*[http://pilger.carlton.com/globalisation "The New Rulers Of The World"], a film by [[John Pilger]]. ==="Pro" Globalisation Resources===*[http://www.globalisationinstitute.org Globalisation Institute]*[http://iccwbo.org/home/statements_rules/statements/2003/105-46E.pdf New facts on globalization, poverty and income distribution] International Chamber of Commerce, 15 Jan 2003.*[http://www1.worldbank.org/economicpolicy/globalization/ Globalization, Growth and Poverty: Building an Inclusive World Economy], [[World Bank]] articles.*IMF Staff, [http://www.imf.org/external/np/exr/ib/2000/041200.htm Globalization: Threat or Opportunity?], April 12, 2000 (Corrected January 2002). ==Globalisation Articles==*William Greider, [http://www.thenation.com/doc/20070430/greider The Establishment Rethinks Globalization], ''The Nation'', April 19, 2007. ==Further Reading (Books)==*Joseph Stiglitz, [http://www.wwnorton.com/catalog/spring03/032439.htm Globalization and its Discontents] ISBN 0-393-32439-7.*Jagdish N. Bhagwati, [http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/tg/detail/-/0195170253?v=glance In Defense of Globalization], Jan 2004, ISBN: 0195170253. [[category:Globalization]][[category:national security threat]][[category:international trade], WorldTrade, March 15, 2003. *Anna Willard, [http://www.forbes.com/markets/newswire/2003/03/17/rtr909541.html IMF-no clear proof globalization helps the poor], Reuters, March 17, 2003. *[http://www.cepr.net/globalization/scorecard_on_globalization.htm "The Scorecard on Globalization 1980-2000; Twenty Years of Diminished Progress."], July 11, 2001, [httpcategory://www.cepr.net/ Center for Economic and Policy Researcheconomics] *[http://www.wwnorton.com/catalog/spring03/032439.htm Globalization and its Discontents] ISBN 0-393-32439-7 by Joseph Stiglitz