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'''Name-calling''' is a form of [[ad hominem]] attack that draws a vague equivalence between a concept and a person, group or idea. By linking the person or idea being attacked to a negative symbol, the propagandist hopes that the audience will reject the person or the idea on the basis of the symbol, instead of looking at the available evidence.
The [[Institute for Propaganda Analysis]](IPA), one of the first organizations to systematically study [[propaganda ]] in the early 20th century, included name-calling in its list of common rhetorical techniques. "Bad names have played a tremendously powerful role in the history of the world and in our own individual development," they stated. "They have ruined reputations, stirred men and women to outstanding accomplishments, sent others to prison cells, and made men mad enough to enter battle and slaughter their fellowmen. They have been and are applied to other people, groups, gangs, tribes, colleges, political parties, neighborhoods, states, sections of the country, nations, and races." [http://www.propagandacritic.com/articles/ct.wg.name.html]
Examples of name calling include:
== See also ==
*[[propaganda techniques]]
*[[smear]]
== External links ==
*"[http://www.propagandacritic.com/articles/ct.wg.name.html Name calling]," from the Propaganda Critic, a web site devoted to propaganda analysis
[[Category:Propaganda techniques]][[Category:Rhetorical techniques]]
