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==Animal cruelty & welfare violations==

In 2003, a [[People for the Ethical Treatment of Animals]] (PETA) investigation into Columbia University revealed a lack of basic veterinary care for monkeys and baboons. Sick and dying animals were simply left in their cages without care or painkillers after surgical procedures. The studies involving these animals did not even purport to have any scientific usefulness or validity. Topics under scientific investigation included: effects of stress on menstruation and effects of massive doses of cocaine and nicotine on pregnant monkeys. <ref>[http://www.ColumbiaCruelty.com Columbia Cruelty], [[People for the Ethical Treatment of Animals]], accessed February 2009</ref> Columbia psychiatrist Suzette Evans receives $500,000 per year in government grants to study the effects of cocaine and heroin on the menstrual cycles of monkeys. Her "experiments" involve the use of cruel and stressful restraint chairs as well as injections and blood draws. Columbia also uses more than 250 dogs per year for "painful and distressing tests".<ref>[http://www.stopanimaltests.com/f-worstlabs_10.asp Columbia University], 10 Worst Laboratories, PETA.org, accessed February 2009</ref>